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Sigafoos, Jeff; Dempsey, Roslyn – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1992
This study assessed the validity of idiosyncratic choice-making behaviors of three children with multiple disabilities. Children were given either their "choice" of food or drink or were given the opposite. Direct observations of children's acceptance or refusal revealed the children consistently indicated choices during both conditions.…
Descriptors: Behavior Patterns, Children, Evaluation Methods, Multiple Disabilities
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Wacker, David P.; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1985
Five students (13-18 years old) classified as profoundly/multiply handicapped were trained to use microswitches to indicate reinforcer preferences. When the microswitches activated the devices during training, a substantial increase in the duration of motoric responding occurred for all students. In addition, some students performed differentially…
Descriptors: Electromechanical Aids, Multiple Disabilities, Reinforcement, Secondary Education
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Green, Carolyn W.; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1994
Three experiments were conducted involving five people with profound multiple disabilities, to determine whether variations in alertness affected subsequent responsiveness to training programs. Findings suggest that existing levels of alertness do not indicate how individuals will respond during training and that alertness actually can be…
Descriptors: Adults, Behavior Patterns, Multiple Disabilities, Perception
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Green, Carolyn W.; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1991
Four experiments involving 18 individuals (ages 14-55) with profound multiple handicaps found that 12 stimuli used in a preference assessment represented a comprehensive stimulus set for identifying preferences, though the utility of the set could sometimes be enhanced by caregiver opinion. Results also indicated that preferences identified were…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Adults, Caregivers, Evaluation Methods
Green, Carolyn W.; Reid, Dennis H.; Rollyson, Jeannia H.; Passante, Susan C. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2005
We evaluated an enriched teaching program for reducing resistance and indices of unhappiness displayed by 3 individuals with profound multiple disabilities during teaching sessions. The program involved presentation of preferred activities before, during, and after each teaching session, discontinuation of identified nonpreferred activities, and a…
Descriptors: Multiple Disabilities, Psychological Patterns, Program Effectiveness, Intervention
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Steege, Mark W.; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1989
Two experiments combined the assessment of reinforcer preferences and the functional analysis of behavior to prescribe treatment of self-injurious behavior in two severely handicapped children, aged four and eight. The treatments reduced self-injurious behavior when the child was alone as well as during instructional training activities. (JDD)
Descriptors: Intervention, Multiple Disabilities, Outcomes of Treatment, Preschool Education
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Berg, Wendy K.; Wacker, David P. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1989
Tactile cues were provided to a 19-year-old deaf, blind, and mentally retarded individual to guide her performance on packaging tasks. The tactile prompts effectively guided her on the training task and were also generalized to novel tasks and cues. Continued use of the cues was necessary to maintain performance. (Author/JDD)
Descriptors: Cues, Generalization, Intervention, Learning Strategies
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Green, Carolyn W.; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1988
A systematic assessment procedure successfully identified stimulus preferences of seven profoundly and multiply handicapped individuals (ages 12-34). Preference rankings based on caregiver opinion did not consistently coincide with these results. Systematically assessed student preferences were a likely, though not certain, source of reinforcing…
Descriptors: Adaptive Behavior (of Disabled), Behavior Modification, Decision Making, Multiple Disabilities
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Reid, Dennis H.; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1991
This review of behavioral research on teaching individuals with profound multiple handicaps found that behavior change has resulted from contingency management interventions, but the behavior changes cannot be described as beneficially affecting the individuals' quality of life. Explanations for this are offered, and suggestions for future…
Descriptors: Behavior Change, Behavior Problems, Behavioral Science Research, Contingency Management
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Barton, Lyle E.; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1986
The study examined the extent to which momentary DRO (differential reinforcement of other behavior) maintained suppression (following initial treatment with whole-interval DRO) of the maladaptive behavior of nine severely multihandicapped elementary aged students. Results indicated that momentary DRO maintained response suppression comparable to…
Descriptors: Behavior Change, Behavior Disorders, Behavior Modification, Behavioral Science Research
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Wacker, David P.; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1988
Three experiments, involving five students (aged 13-20) with profound, multiple handicaps, showed that the students could effectively use microswitches to demonstrate toy preferences, to indicate preferences for social attention, and to make specific requests of educational staff in school and community settings. (Author/JDD)
Descriptors: Attention, Caregivers, Communication Aids (for Disabled), Multiple Disabilities
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Horner, Robert H.; Day, H. Michael – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1991
Three individuals with multiple severe disabilities were taught an appropriate response to problem behaviors, but the response was less efficient than the problem behavior on physical effort, schedule of reinforcement, or stimulus-reinforcer time delay. The response did not compete successfully with the problem behaviors until a new, more…
Descriptors: Adults, Behavior Modification, Behavior Problems, Behavioral Science Research
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Steege, Mark W.; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1990
Two severely handicapped children (ages 5-6) exhibiting self-injurious behavior were treated with negative reinforcement (brief escape from grooming activities) contingent upon a behavior that was incompatible with self-injury (pressing a microswitch that activated a "stop" message). Treatment led to decreased self-injury, which was maintained at…
Descriptors: Behavior Disorders, Contingency Management, Hygiene, Intervention
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Kennedy, Craig H.; Haring, Thomas G. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1993
Four students with profound multiple disabilities were taught to use a microswitch communication system to request a change in recreational stimuli during social interactions with nondisabled peers. Outcomes are discussed in terms of the effects of controlling stimulus presentation on student behavior and the stability of preference hierarchies…
Descriptors: Communication Aids (for Disabled), Interaction Process Analysis, Multiple Disabilities, Peer Relationship