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Parental Expectations of Preschool Children as Related to Child Gender and Socioeconomic Status
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Marcus, Terri L.; Corsini, David A. – Child Development, 1978
Mothers and fathers of 40 preschool children equally distributed by child gender and socioeconomic status (low and middle) were asked to predict the level of success for their child on 4 achievement-type tasks. (Author/JMB)
Descriptors: Achievement, Expectation, Parent Attitudes, Preschool Children
Verbal Planning Functions in Children's Speech
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
MacWhinney, Brian; Osser, Harry – Child Development, 1977
This study examined the role of communicative explicitness, sex, and social class upon children's utilization of a wide variety of hesitation phenomena. Speech samples were analyzed for 20 children 5 years of age. (JMB)
Descriptors: Communication Skills, Elementary Education, Elementary School Students, Research
Classification Patterns of Underprivileged Children in Israel
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Sharan, Shlomo; Weller, Leonard – Child Development, 1971
Descriptors: Classification, Cognitive Processes, Ethnic Groups, Grade 1
Free Play Behaviors in Middle- and Lower-Class Preschoolers: Parten and Piaget Revisited
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Rubin, Kenneth H.; And Others – Child Development, 1976
A total of 24 middle class and 16 lower class preschoolers were observed during free play period on 30 consecutive school days. The behaviors of the children were coded by combining the social play categories of Parten and the cognitive play schemes of Smilansky. Results indicate a significant difference in types of play by class. (Author/SB)
Descriptors: Early Childhood Education, Lower Class, Middle Class, Play
Developmental Comparisons between Ten-Year-Old Children with Employed and Nonemployed Mothers
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Gold, Dolores; Andres, David – Child Development, 1978
Studied the sex-role concepts, personality adjustment, and academic achievement of 223 10-year-old girls and boys with either full-time employed or nonemployed mothers from working-class or middle-class families. (Author/JMB)
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Adjustment (to Environment), Elementary School Students, Employed Parents
The Influence of Sex and Socioethnic Factors upon Imitation by Elementary Schoolchildren
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Portuges, Stephen H.; Feshbach, Norma D. – Child Development, 1972
Significantly greater imitation of the teacher model's incidental behaviors was observed among advantaged children, among girls, and in response to the positive reinforcing teacher. (Authors)
Descriptors: Behavioral Science Research, Black Youth, Elementary School Students, Imitation
Beginning School Math Competence: Minority and Majority Comparisons.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Entwisle, Doris R.; Alexander, Karl L. – Child Development, 1990
Examined factors that influence children's competence in mathematics when they begin first grade. Results indicated that parent education, family economic resources, and parent expectations influenced children's competence. Race and family structure, when considered apart from other variables, were not significant influences. (PCB)
Descriptors: Blacks, Computation, Expectation, Family Structure
Motivational Components Related to Father Behavior and Cognitive Functioning in Preschoolers
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Epstein, Ann S.; Radin, Norma – Child Development, 1975
The relationship between preschoolers' motivation and performance and observed paternal behavior is explored. (JMB)
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Fathers, Intelligence Tests, Motivation
Articulation of the Body Concept among First-Grade Israeli Children
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Weller, Leonard; Shlomo, Sharan (Singer) – Child Development, 1971
Effects of country of origin and social class on sex differences in body articulation were also analyzed. (Authors)
Descriptors: Behavioral Science Research, Body Image, Cultural Differences, Ethnic Groups
Social Cognition and Competence in Middle Childhood.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Pellegrini, David S. – Child Development, 1985
Evaluates fourth-to seventh-grade children on two aspects of social cognition: interpersonal understanding and means-ends problem-solving ability. Relates the two variables to sex, age, IQ, social class, and multiple dimensions of competence. Both variables significantly correlated with I.Q. while interpersonal understanding also correlated with…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Children, Elementary Education, Empathy
The Relation of Child Care to Cognitive and Language Development.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Child Development, 2000
Examined how child care experiences related to cognitive and language development from birth through age 3. Found that care quality was modestly related to cognitive and language outcomes, after adjusting for several factors. Cumulative experience in center-based care related to better outcomes than did experience in other care. Children in…
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Comparative Analysis, Day Care, Early Experience