Investigates the effects of sociocultural changes on variables related to adolescents' self-concepts. Traditional and transitional adolescents from two cities in North India completed Indian adaptations of various questionnaires and rating scales. Results suggest the powerful influences of macrostructural variables (like sociocultural changes) on…

Investigates (1) the relationships between cognitive performance and cognitive styles and predictive possibilities and (2) performance differences by sex, school, grade, and income in 92 Indian adolescents. Assessment measures included Liquid Conservation, Islands, Goat-Lion, Hanoi-Tower, Rabbits (Piagetian); Block Design (WISC-R); Paper Cutting…

Thirty-five children who had participated in a study of mastery motivation at one year of age were reevaluated at 3.5 years. Findings differed for boys and girls and indicated that a wide range of behaviors in the cognitive-motivational domain must be examined to find developmental continuities. (Author/CB)

Examines Rasmussen's Ego Identity Scale for internal consistency reliability and construct validity. Subjects included 114 primarily White and middle-class seventh- and twelfth-grade students. Implications for identity assessment are drawn. (Author/RH)

Examined the relationship between caregiver behavior toward toddlers and caregiver and toddler nutritional intake in Kenya and Egypt. Results indicated that the relationship between nutrition and caregiving was mediated by cultural factors, sex of child, and type of nutritional parameter. (GLR)

Study investigated whether older adults were more reflective or regressive than younger adults regarding hypothetical and real-life moral judgements. Results showed no average stage level difference between the age or sex groups. (Author/RWB)

Young adults, middle-aged, and old persons (n=150) participated in a study of creativity and age. Results showed age differences in creativity to the disadvantage of the old. Reduced speed of information processing, lower level of complexity, and decreased willingness to risk original solutions by age are offered as explanations. (Author/AS)

Two studies assessed the way in which changes in appearance and sex-typed names affected the performance of 124 preschool, second-, and fourth-grade children on a gender constancy task. Results suggest that children who lack an understanding of gender constancy can be misled by changes in appearance and name cues. (RJC)

Eight German and eight Italian children were observed during their first year in preschool. Cultural differences and similarities in play and behavior and sex differences are reported. Findings suggest that strategies that children use to enter kindergarten or a new group exist universally. (Author/RH)

The Situation Scale for Adolescents, an extended version of the Imaginary Audience Scale, was administered to several hundred youngsters in the seventh, ninth, and twelfth grades. The scale, assessing self-consciousness in two types of social situations, proved to be reliable, but yielded confused results regarding age and sex differences.…

Examines the relationship between consistency in the home environment during the first two years of life and children's intelligence test performance at age three. Results are discussed in terms of race and sex differences exhibited by 72 White and Black subjects. (MP)

Investigates the characteristics and quality of the image children have of aged persons and their grandparents. Children's drawings were compared for old age characteristics and deficits. Analysis of variance on sex, age, kinship with the stimulus person and sex of stimulus person was conducted. (Author/RH)

Examines school recess playground activities of second and fifth graders. A one-year follow-up assessment also measured logical reasoning, interpersonal understanding, and understanding of game rules. Both grade and gender differences were found in the complexity of children's activities. Discusses results in terms of social and sex role…

Results indicated that the two component solution of the Behar Preschool Behavior Questionnaire had a simpler structure and was easier to intepret than the three component solution. In addition, the two component solution was found to be stable across sexes, ages, socioeconomic populations, and cultures. (PCB)

Investigated 60 parents' perceptions of influence of their eldest child's (aged 4, 7, or 10 years) development and the extent to which these perceptions varied as a function of five factors. Cognitive and social development were significant variables for beliefs about influence. (RJC)