Tests the utility of two models for explaining contraceptive use by sexually active women (N=391). Significant relationships were found between use and permissive premarital standards and standard-behavior consistency. Neither model is particularly applicable to the contraceptive reports of sexually active males (N=354). (Author)

Analyzed data of marriages in England and Wales in 1976 to determine patterns of variation with age of age differences for males and females in marriage. Data indicated both sexes are more likely to marry an older person at the age of 50 than at the age of 30. (Author/RC)

Examined the relationship of gender-role orientation and specific behavioral coping responses of wives (N=82) experiencing a long-term separation from their military spouses. Results showed that an androgynous gender-role orientation was significantly associated with four of the five coping patterns identified as helpful to wives managing a…

Compared interactions of 11 dissatisfied and 11 satisfied couples on basis of trained observers' ratings of spouses' behavior through time on 3 scales: withdrawn/involved, hostile/friendly, and displeasure/pleasure. Dissatisfied coupled evidenced significantly lower mean ratings of hostility and displeasure, but no differences in withdrawal.…

Investigated previous courtship experiences and affect of a respondent's first marriage ending in annulment or divorce on subsequent courtship behavior of 248 individuals. Found that duration of previous courtship affected subsequent courtship. Number of control variables, including gender, education, and income, contributed to analysis of…

The impact sex and marital status have upon circumscribing the social relationships of the elderly is explored. Data reveal that the widowed, as a group, are no more isolated from their kin and friends or from associations in religious organizations than married individuals. (Author)

As a result of data from a questionnaire on sex behavior, administered to a second group of college students 10 years after the first, it was found that while attitudes toward premarital behavior had liberalized considerably, actual behavior had increased only somewhat or, in American males, not at all. Discrepancy between values and behavior has,…

It is suggested that it is often in intimate relationships that people seek to develop and maintain both a sense of personal identity and a sense of stability. By outlining some of the major conditions required for the carrying out of these two activities it is shown that they are in potential conflict. (Author)

Despite contradictions in their own family experience to the customary adult division of labor, neither father absent nor lower class Ss displayed consistent differences from father present or middle class Ss in their perceptions. The discussion presents implications for programs with low income, preschool children. (Author)

Replicated a 1965 survey of premarital sexual behavior and attitudes among college students. Results indicated: (1) continued but asymptotic increase in reported premarital sexual behavior among both men and women; (2) fewer differences in attitudes and behavior between men and women; and (3) existence of a "new" double standard.…

The purpose of this questionnaire survey of more than 1500 Soviet adolescents, aged 14 to 20, was to clarify the important and meaningful criteria for teenage friendships and to describe actual forms and psychosocial functions of these friendships. Results suggest adolescent friendship is not losing its significance or its exclusiveness. (Author)

Investigated the extent to which Swedish couples (N=128) share domestic tasks using a mail survey. Suggests Swedish couples shared household chores more evenly than American couples. Results indicated variables measuring social exchange theory, family life-cycle stage, and socialization had the greatest influence on role sharing behavior.…

In-depth interviews with custodial mothers and fathers indicated better child behavior toward custodial fathers. Children of custodial fathers verbalized their appreciation for the father, but children of custodial mothers did so only rarely. Behavior of children of lower socioeconomic status custodial mothers was reported more difficult. (Author)