Investigated effects of sex difference, social desirability instructions, and birth order of respondents on defense mechanisms inventory (DMI). Sex difference was found in projection only. Social desirability effects were found in turning-against-others, projection, principalization, and reversal. Thus, an interpretive caution is in order…

This study proposes to (1) explore the responses of boys and girls at three age levels to several different barrier situations; (2) assess the personality correlates associated with barrier behavior; (3) evaluate covariance differences between the sexes; and (4) determine the relationship between barrier behaviors and sex-role typing. A total of…

This inventory measures sex guilt, hostility guilt, and morality-conscience guilt. Analyses indicate the appropriateness of a simple present-absent scoring system. Internal structure of each subscale is complex. Intercorrelations of scores are larger for males. (Author/BEF)

Females demonstrated the same A-Trait/A-State relationship as previously reported for males. Findings suggest that state anxiety and trait anxiety are cognitively and experientially differentiated constructs. The state construct is related to situations; the trait construct is stable over situations. (Author/BEF)

Examined the relationship of individual and composite measures of child competence with family background and adult ratings of psychopathology. Children scoring high on a composite competence index were rated by parents and teachers as showing fewer problems. Composite measures related more strongly to parent and teacher ratings than did single…

The relationships between masculinity and femininity as measured by the Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI), achievement conflicts (fear of success and fear of failure), and a variety of attitudes in men and women were examined in three survey studies. Contrary to Bem's suggestion that femininity in women serves to dampen independent and assertive…

Explores the relationship between arguing and verbal aggression and the benefits accruing from argumentativeness. Found that students who are highly argumentative are not easily provoked to using verbal aggression in an argument, supporting the view that verbal aggression often stems from a lack of skill in arguing. (PD)

Two studies were conducted to compare certain characteristics of high school students in Hawaii who take part in forensic activities with those not involved and also to compare groups of the forensic participants with each other. Three instruments were used: the Predisposition Toward Verbal Behavior Scale, the Fundamental Interpersonal Relations…

Research has shown television characters to be overwhelmingly portrayed as sex-stereotyped. Recently, however, more unstereotyped characters have been introduced into television programming. It was hypothesized that college-age subjects, when presented with prime-time characters pre-rated as examples of stereotyped and unstereotyped portrayals,…

Correlations between Extended Personal Attributes Questionnaire scales and measures of worry, depression and anger confirmed previous results with unselected students. Socially desirable masculinity was negatively related to worry. Socially undesirable masculinity traits were positively related to depression and anger. (Author/BEF)

Male and female subjects evaluated a male after seeing a videotape of him with his girlfriend. The attractiveness and intelligence of the girlfriend was varied. A multivariate analysis of variance on 10 dependent measures showed the male to be evaluated more favorably when his partner was more attractive or more intelligent. Univariate analysis…

The specification in concrete behavioral terms of theoretical constructs is one difficulty associated with behavioral assessment. For example, the construct of heterosocial skill has not been successfully defined in operational terms. A linear modeling technique was used to identify valid behavioral referents of heterosocial skill ratings for both…

Subjects read a situation description and rated the likelihood of their taking the response designated as appropriate. Regression analyses revealed the contributions of sex and the traits of instrumentality and emotional expressiveness (as measures earlier by the Bem Sex Role Inventory) to self-reported instrumentality and emotional…

Two studies: evaluated the consistency of toddlers' motor activity level over time and across situations; and examined the relations between several measures of activity level and ratings of problem behavior in toddlers. Found that activity level was stable when measured by the same methods in the same situation but not across methods or across…