This study examined freshman college students' attitudes about date rape and how such attitudes changed over the course of their college experience. It is based on a subset of data from the 1990 annual national survey of freshmen and a follow-up study in 1994 collected by the Cooperative Institutional Research Program (CIRP) survey, namely 10,155…

Five studies are reported which examine the free vs. earned reward phenomenon in humans. The 420 subjects were distributed over all grade levels from preschool through college. Candies and coins were used as rewards. In preschool through sixth grade groups, black, as well as white subjects and experimenters were used. The California Psychological…

Investigated whether assertive and nonassertive individuals differ in defense mechanisms they most typically rely on when confronted with interpersonal stress and conflict. Results indicated assertive males and females both endorsed the most adaptive defense mechanism cluster, whereas nonassertive males and females endorsed more primitive defense…

Compared key demographic and individual difference variables of distance and non-distance learners. Found significant differences in gender, age, employment status, motivation, and risk-taking propensity between distance and non-distance learners. (EV)

As predicted, the relationship of need for approval, grades, and family sibling structure to social self-esteem was different for each sex. The results support the hypothesis that males must succeed in culturally masculine roles to maintain self-esteem. (Author)

Assessed personal, career, and academic concerns of college students, compared subcategories of students, examined how students prefer to receive assistance with concerns, and investigated implications for student personnel professionals. Administered Survey of Student Needs to 608 college students. Students reported number of problems, including…

Attitudes toward pledging among college students were examined to determine if attitudes differed according to race or gender. Participants were surveyed at two locations including attendees from a Greek national convention and students enrolled at a large urban college campus. Results showed a significant main effect for race and gender but…

This document provides enrollment data for each of Maines public and private degree-granting institutions. The document is divided into three parts. Part 1 displays fall enrollment for the 2000-2001 academic year and compares these figures with 1999-2000 enrollment data by institution, by gender, and by full- and part-time status. Part 2 displays…

Investigated the effects of gender, age, and ethnicity on the institutional, situational, and dispositional challenges faced by traditional age and older students in higher education. Surveys of 209 students indicated that most coped well with challenges. Older students reported fewer barriers than younger students. There were few gender or ethnic…

Environmental assessment, which involves examining the perceptions of people in a given environment or social climate (socially agreed upon norms for acceptable behaviors) is one method of placing behavior in context. The University of Maryland, College Park, conducted a student survey in order to examine the social climate through a study of…

Although mothers have been entering the labor force in increasing numbers, little is known about the characteristics of those who hold varying attitudes toward maternal employment. A study was conducted to identify demographic predictors of attitudes toward working mothers. The Attitudes Toward Working Mothers Scale and a biographical…

Surveyed students (N=400) from four ethnic groups for expected reactions to stressful events and preferences for help. White, Black, Hispanic, and Asian subjects completed questionnaires, which revealed differences between ethnic groups and indicated that subgroups exist within the ethnic groups. (BH)

Study was conducted to better understand students' perceptions toward diversity within their institution. Students defined diversity broadly and five themes identifying students' needs in regards to diversity emerged. The themes included the students' need to be respected, the international students' need to not feel so isolated, and the need for…

Age differences in the occurrence of specific negative life events and in sources of information about, barriers to, and usage of student services among undergraduates at a large public university, were found. (Author)