Examined connections between having a sister versus a brother and coming from a same-sex versus an opposite-sex sibling dyad, and sex-typing in adolescents' friendships. Findings suggested that sisters may learn control tactics from brothers that they apply in friendships. Boys were less likely to model emotional intimacy. Coming from opposite-sex…

Examined 12- to 17-year-olds' responses to cigarette advertisements. Found that a substantial proportion of adolescents, especially smokers, liked ads for youth brands and believed they made smoking more appealing. Ads for Marlboro brand and new Camel and Winston ads were especially attractive to adolescents. Few adolescents liked the adult brand…

Investigated gender and ethnic patterns in friendship qualities among Anglo-American and Mexican American early adolescents. Found that girls, but not boys, rated friends' behaviors as more positive than similar behaviors of unfamiliar peers and reported higher attachment and support in their friendships. Found rating patterns similar for…

Examines the emotional and relational components of body image in French (N=80) and American (N=60) adolescents. Results indicate that major cultural differences arose from the belief that the real body and the ideal body coincide. Gender differences centered more on the level of control of body changes and on self-assessment modes. (RJM)

This study investigated variations in adolescents' relationships with mothers and fathers. Two questions guided the study: (1) Are differences in the features of adolescents relationships with parents related to adolescents grade, adolescents gender, or parents gender?; and (2) Are differences in parents influence related to adolescents grade,…

Examined aggressive and non-aggressive young adolescents' attributions of intent in hypothetical teacher-student interactions. Found that when teachers' intentions were ambiguous, aggressive adolescents were more likely than non-aggressive adolescents to attribute hostile intentions to teachers, were more likely to blame teachers for the outcome,…

Students in integrated classrooms were found to have significantly more positive attitudes toward physically disabled persons than students in nonintegrated classrooms. Females in both classroom types had significantly more positive attitudes toward the physically disabled than did their male counterparts. (Author/DS)

Assesses the comparability of adolescents', and their parents' attitudes toward contemporary societal issues as well as each familial groups' perceptions of the other two groups' attitudes. Results are discussed in terms of the cognitive and emotional significance of the intrafamilial attitudes of adolescent and parents. (Author/DEP)

Noting that when adolescents select friends, they are creating a relationship context that will be an important source of influence, this study examined the criteria adolescents use when choosing friends. Adolescents in grades 7 and 10 were interviewed about the criteria they used when selecting friends, particularly the importance they placed…

Understanding the contexts of adolescents' worries can provide valuable information to improve the adolescent's well-being. This study compared the worries of Caucasian adolescents and minority adolescents (Native American, African American, Hispanic American, and Asian American). Over 2,300 high school volunteers participated. Student worries…

Examined relation between goal orientations of 12- to 15-year-old competitive swimmers, and those of parents, and coaches. Found that adolescents' self-reported goal orientations correlated highly with their perceptions of goal orientations of their significant adults but not with self-reports of their significant adults. Adolescents believed…

Examined the association between psychosocial development and the timing of first sexual intercourse in a sample of white, rural adolescents. Two theoretical models were tested. For both boys and girls, early timing of first sexual intercourse was associated with longitudinal patterns of greater transition proneness and poorer psychosocial…

Examined impact of peer experience on seventh graders' strategies for coping with peer hassles. Found that more aggressive adolescents perceived more control over hassles. More aggressive, unpopular adolescents used more negative strategies; more popular aggressive females used more problem-focused strategies. Withdrawn adolescents perceived less…

Used a person-centered analytic strategy with data from Youth Development Study to describe configurations of time use through the high school years. Found that students highly engaged in multiple domains tended to remain so across grade. Students focused on one or two domains frequently changed commitments, school plans, grade point average,…

Examined relationship of role models among African American ninth-graders to substance use, delinquency, academic engagement, and psychological well-being. Found that males without male role models and females identifying brothers as role models reported the most problem behavior. Adolescents with paternal role models had most positive school…