Survey on salary expectations found that what students expected as a starting salary was significantly higher than actual starting salary. Freshmen expected a higher salary than sophomores did. There was no significant correlation between age and salary expectations, although students with higher GPA's had higher expectations. Gender did not have…

To investigate developmental changes across age and sex in acquisition of form discrimination, 40 children aged 3 and 4 were presented with a rotated, letter-like form discrimination matching task. (JC)

The present study compares the attributions of young children 5 to 6.5 years of age with those of adult subjects 20 to 30 years of age, who were engaged in the same competitive situation. It was hypothesized that sex differences would occur in the sample of adults but not in the sample of children. Believing outcomes to be determined by either…

Two studies investigated two groups of young children at the ages of four and eight years, respectively. Subjects were required to solve a simple problem task by performing a response opposite to that demonstrated by an adult. Girls' performance was significantly worse than boys', regardless of the sex of the model. (Author/CI)

Data from the normative archives of the Self-Description Questionnaire for 8 random samples of 500 students support the gender-invariant model of relations between math, verbal, academic, and general self-concepts. The data also provide good support for the comparison of mean scores over gender and age. (SLD)

Examined 12- to 17-year-olds' responses to cigarette advertisements. Found that a substantial proportion of adolescents, especially smokers, liked ads for youth brands and believed they made smoking more appealing. Ads for Marlboro brand and new Camel and Winston ads were especially attractive to adolescents. Few adolescents liked the adult brand…

The performance on the Draw-A-Face Test of fifty-four 3 1/2- to 12-year-old girls and boys, chronically ill with blood disease, were compared with the performance of 115 healthy girls and boys. While sex and age differences were obtained for both groups, few differences were found between the groups. Results were interpreted in terms of coping…

Play behaviors of 17 children enrolled in a discovery-based preschool program and 18 children in a formal program within a university center were observed over 11 weeks for 20 one-minute observations. (Author)

Administered Tennessee Self-Concept Scale to 243 institutionalized delinquents. Found subjects had abnormally lower self-concepts than nondelinquents. Females and youngest subjects had significantly lower self-concepts than male and older counterparts. Age and sex were significant predictors of Total Self-Concept; age was significant predictor of…

The research question addressed was whether sex differences in cognitive ability are smaller in younger age groups than in older age groups. A battery of 12 aptitude tests measuring visualization, spatial orientation, perceptual speed, associative memory, number memory, eidetic memory, spatial scanning, visual memory, and flexibility of closure…

Examined sexual activity of Nigerian high school youth. Students (N=240) responded to a questionnaire. Results indicated that boys and girls differed significantly in their sexual behavior. Found considerable differences in sexual behavior due to age. (RC)

Evaluated the ability of the Wonderlic Personnel Test to replicate the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) with (N=120) normal persons divided into principal and cross-validation groups. Correlations between the Wonderlic IQs and the WAIS Full Scale IQs were .93 for the main group and .91 for the cross-validation group. (Author)

Two parental questionnaires were developed for measurement of temperament in one- and two-year old children in Sweden. (MP)

Examined white-lie-telling behavior in 3- to 7-year-olds using task whereby the experimenter asked "Do I look OK for the photo?" with or without a visible mark on his nose. Found that most children in the experimental condition told white lies. Undergraduates viewing children's videotaped responses could not discriminate white-lie…

This study examined preschoolers' performance on an observation task and a search task involving the invisible displacement of an object. Findings indicated that in the observation task, there was significantly longer looking to impossible than to possible outcomes among all children. Most 3-year-olds, but significantly fewer 2.5-year-olds,…