Examines the effects of individual goal structures on the intra- and interpersonal behavior of 120 fourth-grade children. Both boys and girls appeared to adopt the evaluations of their work given by the experimenter and appeared to be influenced thereby in later prize-giving to themselves and to others. (Author)

Two hundred forty elementary school age children were paired on the basis of sex, race, and level of self-concept to participate in a cooperative-competitive game situation. Black children were found to be more cooperative than white children. The low self-concept subjects were more cooperative than high self-concept subjects. (Author)

This paper examines sex differences in the exclusiveness of children's dyadic friendships by comparing differences in the choice or nonchoice by dyad members of a third person at a given point in time as well as change in these triadic choices over time. (Author)

Stories were read to 62 male third grade children from two elementary schools in Urbana, Illinois. They were randomly assigned to one of four story conditions: vicarious role playing, symbolic modeling, a combination of the two, and a control condition. The basis of the present experiment is the assumption that vicarious role playing is similar to…

This study sought to determine if an increased knowledge of the physically disabled would affect the personal-space behavior of sixth-grade children on encountering a person who appeared to be disabled. A significant difference between the mean distances of the experimental and control groups was found. (Author)

Assessed the cross-sex similarity of behavioral disturbance dimensions as measured by the Bristol Social Adjustment Guides (BSAG) using a sample of 2,527 Ontario schoolchildren. Results confirmed the cross-sex equivalence in the factor structure and support the use of the BSAG's under- and overreaction scales as indicators of maladjustment. (JAC)

A relationship between an anomaly of the footprint suggested by ancient Abhidhamma meditations and Minor Physical Anomalies Scale was observed in children. The footprint anomalies correlated with the activity levels of children in the same way as the scores on the scale and consistently with prior research using the scale. (Author/RD)

After two years of a three-year evaluation of a violence-prevention program implemented in two elementary schools with 203 students, it appears that the program may produce a decline in conflict. However, its effects are less apparent for female students, whose conflict behaviors are less overt. (SLD)

Elementary classroom teachers rated the withdrawn and social behaviors of 41 children with language impairments (LI) and 41 typically developing peers using the Teacher Behavioral Rating Scale. Teachers rated children with LI as more reticent than typically developing children, and boys with LI as displaying more solitary-active withdrawal…

Research has shown that children who are socially rejected exhibit classroom behavior problems and are at risk for adjustment dificulties in later life. To examine the relationship between locus of control for social relationships and peer social status, 413 fifth grade students completed positive and negative same-sex peer nominations, a same-sex…

To update the findings of a 1971 study, a study seeking to identify the interest patterns and media preferences of fourth and fifth grade children was undertaken in 1978. The responses of 731 children to an interest inventory were subjected to separate factor analytic and analysis of variance procedures. The former were used to cluster…

Student questionnaires and teacher interviews provided data on 123 Chicago third graders to determine the affect of parental rejection on negative attention-seeking classroom behaviors, what particular parent might be more rejecting, and what specific negative attention-seeking behaviors might be overtly demonstrated in the classroom by sex of…

Investigates effects of sex of judge, sex of referent, and sex-pairing of judge and referent on level of understanding, or affective sensitivity, of school counselors. Male and female counselors were found to be equally accurate in their empathic judgments. There were no detected effects of sex-pairing. (Author)

It is argued that the sexes get different feedback from the culture, and from teachers in particular. The hypothesis is explored that teachers are less responsive to and interested in girls than boys, and that the feminine strategy of withdrawal and avoidance of assertiveness develops in response to these teacher behaviors. Subjects were eight…

The experiment reported in this dissertation investigated the effect of similarity/dissimilarity of race and personal interests on empathy and altruism in second graders. It was hypothesized that white children would empathize more with other white children than with black children. It was also hypothesized that white children would empathize more…