Examines the effects of individual goal structures on the intra- and interpersonal behavior of 120 fourth-grade children. Both boys and girls appeared to adopt the evaluations of their work given by the experimenter and appeared to be influenced thereby in later prize-giving to themselves and to others. (Author)

The author examines patterns of how students get involved in group counseling programs (either self-referred or teacher-referred) and discusses implications for the future. (HMV)

This study investigates the contributions of school classification (regular, EMR) and sex and ethnic status to domain scores from the Public School Version of the AAMD Adaptive Behavior Scale. The results replicated earlier findings that domain scores were valid for differentiating among children of different adaptive behavior levels. (Author)

Problem-solving and creativity measures were administered to 127 gifted New York City school children from grades 4-6, in an attempt to relate these cognitive variables to affective traits of locus of control, self-esteem, and tolerance of ambiguity. No sex differences were obtained on the affective tasks. (Author)

This study investigates the effect of instructions, anxiety, and locus of control on scores obtained on a group-administered intelligence test. Results suggested that boys were more sensitive than girls to the differential demands of testing instructions. (Author)

This study investigated the relationship of psychological masculinity and feminity in children to trait stereotyping and toy preferences. Subjects (157 boys and 157 girls in Grades K-4) were tested on a Child Test Battery, including the Child's Personal Attributes Questionnaire based on the adult PAQ (Spence, Helmreich & Stapp, 1974, 1975),…

This investigation attempted to determine whether fourth-grade children (N=139) categorized by sex and referral status for group counseling could be distinguished by the variables of socioeconomic status, self-concept, dependency, locus of control, ability, need achievement, peer acceptance, generalized anxiety, and problem behavior that…

In response to the Teacher Approval-Disapproval Scale (TADS), elementary school boys report receiving more personal disapproval and less personal approval from their teachers than do elementary school girls, but boys and girls do not differ in reporting how frequently their teachers distribute approvals and disapprovals to the whole class. (Author)

This is the fourth in a series of studies underway at Ohio State University exploring the importance of race, sex, and ethnic origin in the expression of counselor preference. This study emphasizes the importance of these variables for elementary school students and their parents. (Author)

Children from a traditional school and two open schools were compared, using the Pictorial Self-Concept scale and the Attitudes Toward School scale. Attitude toward school was higher for females and decreased from kindergarten to Grade 2. Self concept increased from kindergarten to Grade 2, with no significant sex differences. (Author)

This study sought to determine if an increased knowledge of the physically disabled would affect the personal-space behavior of sixth-grade children on encountering a person who appeared to be disabled. A significant difference between the mean distances of the experimental and control groups was found. (Author)

Relationships between first name desirability and school readiness, IQ, and school achievement were explored using 1,727 elementary school children. School readiness, IQ, and achievement variables showed small, but significant, correlations with first name desirability for girls; boys also showed a first name effect. First name desirability was…

The authors investigated whether the constructs measured by the Kindergarten Screening Inventory (KSI) were the same for males and females and for Anglo American, Negro American and Mexican American ethnic groups. Results indicate they are very similar. (Author)

One hundred ninety-seven pupils from fourth, fifth, and sixth grades were studied to determine the relationship between children's self-concept, academic achievement, and teacher's rating of children's self-concept. The differences between grade levels, sex, and ethnic group membership were tested by analysis of variance. Significant correlations…

To assess beliefs related to materialistic values, a 45-item pair comparison questionnaire was administered individually to 120 middle and working class children in kindergarten, third and sixth grades. Item analysis revealed responses of older children were influenced by specific objects mentioned. In contrast, younger children responded more…