Males and females in grades 5-11 were asked to take a Thematic Apperception-like measure and to perform a series of tasks in competitive and non-competitive conditions. The results suggest that the motive to avoid success affects males and young females differently than it does older females. (JMB)

Results from analysis of scores on the Structure of Intellect Gifted Screening Form of approximately 300 gifted students in the fourth, seventh , and tenth grades showed significant differences by sex on 5 variables and by grade on each of the 10 subtests. (Author/DB)

This study investigated children's reasoning about the relationship between praise and ability in an athletic activity. Three groups of young athletes were studied: boys between the ages of 7 and 11, and girls and boys between the ages of 14 and 18. Children read a scenario in which two athletes achieved the same score in an athletic activity. One…

Students (N=1935) aged 6 to 18 years, identified as either learning disabled or nondisabled were rated by their teachers on the Behavior Problem Checklist. Analyses indicated that learning disabled students were best discriminated from nondisabled by problems of attention, motor, and personality. There were significant differences for both sex and…

Longitudinal studies of test wiseness (TW) investigated: (1) the relationship between TW and grade level; (2) the relationship between TW and sex; and (3) the stability of TW. Results indicated that TW was somewhat stable over the intervals observed. No sex effects and no sex by year interactions were found. (Author/GD C)

First, fourth, and seventh graders (N=291) completed a medical fears questionnaire. Girls expressed significantly more frequent and more intense medical fears than boys. Fourth and seventh graders reported more medical fears than first graders. Previous hospitalization experience had no effect on frequency or intensity of fears. (Author/CL)

According to recent research, women superintendents have less coaching experience than men, head wealthier districts, work longer hours, are more often single and childless, and obtain the position later in life. They also smoke and drink less. Males and females were equally satisfied with their school board relationships, community stature, and…

Data from the normative archives of the Self-Description Questionnaire for 8 random samples of 500 students support the gender-invariant model of relations between math, verbal, academic, and general self-concepts. The data also provide good support for the comparison of mean scores over gender and age. (SLD)

Explored gender differences in performance on Piagetian tasks of horizontality and verticality, in a stratified random sample of 192 Igbo primary school, secondary school, and university students. Some results supported previous findings on sex differences in reference task performance, but other findings did not fit the predicted pattern. (GC)

Questionnaire response from 1,136 single fathers raising children alone revealed that as children grew older, they participated more in housework, and that fathers received more help from teenage daughters than from teenage sons. Fathers' use of outside help and daughters as mother substitutes are discussed. (Author/NRB)

On sex bias measures, children (grades 2-10) assigned more desirable traits to their own sex and more undesirable traits to the opposite sex. Both sexes became less positive toward their own sex with increasing age. Availability of "both sexes" option decreased stereotyping, especially in girls. (Author/CMG)

Investigates whether differences exist in perceptions of class activities for students in Grades 3-8 and between genders. In general, middle school students found their classroom activities less frequently interesting and enjoyable, with fewer opportunities for choice. Girls indicated that their class activities were more frequently interesting…

This study compared the responses of 73 students (ages 6 to 21) with hearing impairments and a matched sample of hearing students to 14 cartoons. No significant differences in humor ratings were found between groups in their overall ratings, although significant differences were found between age groups and genders with younger participants and…

A study involving 122 boys and 126 girls (in grades 3 to 12) scoring high on originality was conducted to explore the patterns of analogy production in relation to intellectual maturity. (SB)

Students (N=200) in grades 4 through 8 and 10 completed questionnaire measuring perceptions of school theft incidence and seriousness, personal responsibility for correcting theft, causal attributions of theft, and perceived consequences of thievery. Main grade effect was observed for personal responsibility and consequences, but represented…