Compared levels of conformity to parents and peers of 592 Indian adolescents and investigated effects of age, sex, and locality on levels of conformity. Results showed that adolescents were more conforming to parent than to peer views, with early adolescents showing greater adherence to parental views, and late adolescents favoring peers. (Author)

Among Indonesian and Malaysian students, urban-rural and male-female differences in attitude towards mathematics and learning mirror Western attitudes. Malaysians have more favorable mathematics attitudes than Indonesians; urban students, more favorable attitudes than rural students. Males have more positive mathematics attitudes; females have…

The Tennessee Self-concept Scale was administered to 200 Igbo male and female adolescents from rural and urban secondary schools in Anambra State, Nigeria. Sex differences among rural residents and rural-urban differences were found. (Author/RH)

Compared Holocaust survivors (N=34) and controls (N=34) who lived in city or on kibbutz. Survivors were worse off psychologically than controls on quality of emotional life, emotional expression, and quality of interpersonal relationships. Survivors assigned relatively greater value to postwar families. City survivors seemed worse off than kibbutz…

Examined relationship between social and demographic indicators and age-adjusted suicide mortality in 46 prefectures in Japan. Rural residence was the major factor for male mortality in 1970 and 1975. In 1970, home help for the elderly, depopulation by social mobility, and urban residence were positively associated with male mortality. In women,…

Compared attitudes toward alcoholism in 120 urban secondary school teachers and 105 rural secondary school teachers in Benin District, Nigeria. Results indicated that urban teachers, males, younger teachers, those with higher degrees, and unmarried teachers had less negative attitudes toward alcoholism. (JAC)

A mental ability test and an achievement battery were administered to a large sample of grades 4, 7, and 10 students from a midwestern province in Canada. Findings, in general, showed higher achievement in a majority of subtests with no sex and jurisdiction interactions. (Author/LMO)

Investigates the frequency and structure of boredom, as well as the various ways and means of escaping it. Subjects were 694 male and female Senegalese secondary school students who responded to an open-ended questionnaire about boredom. (Author/CM)

Reviews literature on Chinese patterns of socialization. Discusses methodological issues with respect to continuity versus change through time, and variation across geographical locations, systematically considering variables of gender, age, and social class. Concludes that departures from traditional pattern in different locations are evident,…

A study of 45,206 high school seniors investigated their participation and performance in mathematics subjects taken to complete the secondary education qualification in Victoria, Australia. Gender differences varied with the particular assessment administered. There was a significant regional effect where rural students, particularly males,…

Among Koreans tested on Rest's Defining Issues Test, females, urban people, and older subjects showed significantly more responses demonstrating principled morality than did males, rural people, and younger subjects. Comparisons with American results showed greater age differences in stages of moral development among Americans. Both groups showed…

The link between poverty and child labor has been regarded as a well established fact, but recent research has questioned the validity of this link. Starting from the premise that child labor is not necessarily harmful, this paper analyzes the determinants of harmful child labor, viewed as labor that directly conflicts with children's human…

Nigerian secondary school students considered engineering, medicine, and university teaching to be highly prestigious occupations. Males had higher occupational aspirations than females, and urban adolescents chose higher careers than rural adolescents. (Author/MJL)

Identifies and analyzes interests (curiosity, wishes, favorite activities) and concerns (aversions, worries, fears) of 528 Nigerian rural and urban children age 7 to 13. Shows age to be the main determinant of differences. Major interests included biological functioning, personal possession, and play. Major concerns included injustice, aggressive…

Reports on the findings of a comparative study of mental abilities of Mexican and American children. Discusses age, sex, social class, and urban-rural differences, as well as cultural differences. (SS)