Examines the hypothesis that temperament judgments associated with different body types are dependent upon the sex and age of the respondents. Five hundred male and female subjects ranging in age from 6 to 60 years matched 40 temperament or behavior descriptors with one of three body silhouettes representing an ectomorph, an endomorph, and a…

This paper discusses the concept of equality and its role in the politics and economics of distributing social goods, costs, authority, and value. Specifically addressed is the question of who is to be made equal to whom. Various definitions to be considered in answering this question are examined: (1) simple subject-regarding equality; (2)…

Self-perception differences of sixth- and twelfth-grade subjects were measured with the Tennessee Self Concept Scale, and the youngsters' choices of an ideal personality trait were studied. (Editor)

Parental sex-typed perceptions of infants at two different ages were examined in this study. Twenty-nine primiparous couples were recruited from a local hospital where they had been participating in various childbirth and child-care education programs. Sixteen were parents of boys, and 13 were parents of girls. First when their children were 5 to…

A study compared police officers' physical fitness levels with workers' compensation (WC) claims. Officers who collected WC were predominantly female, younger, and lower ranking, with better physical fitness than officers not collecting WC. Officers in the second highest fitness level and older officers with greater cardiovascular fitness had…

People (N=160) picked up a "lost" letter containing money and a note indicating the characteristics of the person who had "lost" it, to suggest the nature of potential victims. Stealing from unseen victims appeared to be dependent partly on the "finder" and partly on situational factors, rather than on victim…

Comparison of 87 child abuse victims of lone female perpetrators with 93 victims of lone male perpetrators found that female perpetrators abused children 3.3 years younger than male perpetrators. Both female and male perpetrators abused more girls than boys and did not differ in severity of abuse. (Author/DB)

Analyzed data on 148 convicted intoxicated drivers to determine whether characteristics of intoxicated drivers influence likelihood that other people would attempt to dissuade them from driving. Results indicated that women, older people, fearful or anxious people, and people seriously impaired by alcohol were more likely than others to have…

This study compared characteristics of child sexual abuse cases either referred for criminal prosecution (N=587) or dropped (N=456) by investigators. Differences were found between groups in relation to child characteristics (age, sex, and ethnicity), offender characteristics (age, sex, and relationship to child), and case characteristics…

In agreement with previous findings, boys and girls were seen to behave differently on the road. The difference was most obvious when the criteria for classification of behaviour were applied. More boys than girls acted unpredictably and were classified as unsafe.' (Author/CB)

A study examined the relationship between Australian high school students' perceptions of communication style and their preferred and actual educational (school and classroom) environments, and the effects of gender or grade level on that relationship. Results are discussed. (MSE)

This study of 2,130 predominantly Mexican American children evaluated for possible sexual abuse found significant differences related to ethnicity, race, gender, and age. Differences in these factors were found with respect to the perpetrator-child relationship, number of perpetrators, interval from abuse to evaluation, types of abuse, and…

Content analysis of 325 case records resulted in the identification of 7 main child care arrangements in which sexual abuse occurred, varying by the routinization and formality of the caregiving relationships, methods of caregiver selection, and reimbursement. Differing characteristics of female and male perpetrators were identified. (BRM)