Examined was the relationship between personal space and sex roles. Feminine females (N=25), androgynous females (N=25) and masculine males (N=25) viewed a film of male and female approaching stimulus persons in distress and non-distress conditions. Subjects marked the Comfortable Interpersonal Distance Scale at the point where they would prefer…

The purpose of this study was to identify the interpersonal factors which college students consider important in defining acceptable levels of sexual intimacy. Undergraduates (N=229) were asked to identify the interpersonal factors they considered important in defining acceptable levels of sexual intimacy in both heterosexual friendship and dating…

Previous equity research indicates that females more often than males prefer to divide rewards equally when their own work inputs are greater than that of their partner. In the present study, males and females divided rewards either between themselves and another person, or between two hypothetical members of a work dyad. Results showed that when…

The constructs in Holland's theory were compared for male and female college students using the Vocational Preference Inventory (VPI) and an adjective checklist (ACL). The correspondence between the VPI for male and female college students' was high. The correspondence between the variables as measured by the ACL for male and female students was…

Recent trends in conceptualizing sex role behavior have emphasized the independent development of masculinity and feminity. The present study presents evidence regarding the psychometric properties of the Masculinity and Feminity scales of the Adjective Check List, developed from the parent Masculinity-Feminity Scale especially for the purpose of…

The types of defenses used by high and low hostility--guilt subjects in dealing with frustration--aggression situations were studied. Among males, high-guilt subjects tended to turn aggression against themselves, and use denial, repression, reaction-formation and isolation rather then expressions of hostility to the object. Female data failed to…

Professionals staffing the advertising industry have a double role to fulfill. They must perform in a manner which will maximize their clients' economic goals as well as maintain a sense of social responsibility which is entrusted with any and every mass media decision-maker. Little research has been done, to date, on which personal qualities…

It was found that on the color-word test the traditional interference score correlated significantly with the MMPI psychoticism index for females and with the defensive rigidity index for males, but not with the anxiety scores. (SE)

Subjects indicated the extent to which they would use different helping categories in response to tape recordings of male or female stimulus persons expressing problems in angry, sad, or neutral manners. Emotion expressed proved to be a powerful determinant of indicated responses. Target sex had little effect on helping responses. (Author)

A test of the personality constructs hypothesized by Holland was performed using a list of adjectives believed to be descriptive of the respective types. The sample used the adjectives to describe themselves in a manner consistent with Holland's model, however the correspondence was closer for males than females. (Author)

This experiment was designed to test the motivation to perform a task for males and females in mixed and same-sex groups. Individuals in homogeneous groups (four males or four females) or heterogeneous groups (two males and two females) clapped their hands alone, in pairs and in foursomes. People exerted more effort alone than in groups,…

A critical assumption of this study was that self-evaluations are determined largely by evaluations received from others. In two large national samples, although black females and males did not differ in self-evaluations of intelligence, white females rated themselves much lower than did white males. In the current study, white females evaluated…

High- and low-creative male and female college students were asked to devise humorous captions to cartoons containing sexual, aggressive, or neutral themes. Results indicate that males generated funnier captions than females to sexual and aggressive stimuli but not to neutral stimuli. Moreover, creativity was positively related to humor…

Examines the relation of depression to locus of control and to the perceived causes of depression in a nonpsychiatric population. Findings suggest that adolescent females tend to hold themselves more responsible than males for unsatisfactory personal situations, and this extends to the attribution of causes for unhappy moods. (Author/PC)

Counselors' (N=80) attitudes toward disability differed according to their personal attributes. The 40 counselors judged as the more effective counselors, either male or female, rated the disabled similarly to normals. In contrast, perceptions of normals and disabled by the 40 less effective counselors differed significantly according to their…