Self-disclosure was examined in the present study under two situations and with varying expectancies and need for social approval. (Author)

An in-depth interview format was used to explore gender and age differences in friendship patterns. Groups described friendship in superficially similar ways. However, in the taped interviews, large gender differences appeared that followed conceptually along instrumental/expressive dimensions. Age differences also appeared. (Author/ABB)

Neither content of instructions nor personality characteristics are effective independently, but rather they combine to produce a rather clear-cut joint effect, with the dominant rather than the warm person's instruction being followed. (Author)

Evaluated the importance of social comparison processes in sibling and peer interaction. Experiment I assessed the influence of social comparison on male children during mother-sibling interaction and subsequent peer interaction. Experiment II assessed the influence of social comparison during peer interaction on female children's subsequent…

Describes a method for determining the effects of sex (or any other dichotomous characteristic) from the individual correlated behavioral responses observed in dyadic interactional situations. (Author/MP)

A study explored the extent to which a child's birth order is associated with differential treatment by others. Twenty pairs of siblings between 4 and 9 years of age were observed interacting in a laboratory setting. All were white, middle-class children whose mothers had at least some college education. The children played with and without their…

This study sought to describe the norms of reciprocity in social interaction from the viewpoint of immediate behavioral exchanges by examining the social interaction of preschool peers in a free-play situation. Seventeen 4-year-old children, eight girls and nine boys, were observed during free play activity periods after a picture sociometric test…

An investigation of peer relationships through longitudinal and cross-sectional studies of 62 children at age 2 1/2 and again at age 7 1/2. These studies specifically examined the differentiation and location of correlates of intensive and extensive peer relationships, sex differences in peer behavior, and the nature of peer-oriented behavior for…

Reports a study of kindergarten children's strategies for acquiring and protecting status in interactions with peers. Focusing on children's negotiations of relative social standing in face-to-face interactions, discusses strategies children used to improve and defend their relative positions in the social structure of their peer group. (NH)

This paper presents: (1) an extension of comparison theory to behavior in the elementary classroom; (2) a description of interaction methodology used to determine the occurrence of comparison behavior; and (3) summaries of three studies which test various theoretical implications about the nature of comparison behavior in the classroom. (CK)

This research examined the hypothesized interaction between sex and interpersonal relationship by comparing the actual self-disclosures made to best friends and strangers by male and female subjects. It was hypothesized that subjects would disclose more to best friends than to strangers, that females would disclose more than males to best friends,…

Examines the relationship between gender role and person-perception accuracy in face-to-face interactions between young adults and a young adult and a child. Females' perceptions were more astute in general, while androgynous subjects of both sexes were more accurate in predicting childrens' perceptions of them. (SA)