Followed 153 smokers who attempted to quit smoking without treatment. Nineteen percent were abstinent at two-year follow-up. Use of multiple strategies was associated with two-year abstinence. Variables associated with short-term cessation were generally unrelated to long-term outcome, although strong motivation to quit was important for both…

This longitudinal study evaluates age/cohort and sex differences in personality by administering the Cattell 16 Personality Factor Test four times over an eight-year period to 331 men and women who were 54 to 70 years old at the time of the first measurement. (CM)

Longitudinal studies of test wiseness (TW) investigated: (1) the relationship between TW and grade level; (2) the relationship between TW and sex; and (3) the stability of TW. Results indicated that TW was somewhat stable over the intervals observed. No sex effects and no sex by year interactions were found. (Author/GD C)

Examines several issues concerning Gilligan's and Kohlberg's models of moral orientations and Kohlberg's model of moral stages in a longitudinal study of 233 subjects aged 5 to 63 years. Results revealed few violations of the stage sequence over the two-year longitudinal interval. (RJC)

Presents results of a three-year follow-up study of the development of psychological differentiation in Nigerian children. Human figure drawings made in 1974 and 1977 by 204 subjects aged 7 to 14 years were analyzed using Witkins Articulation of Body Concept scale and compared. (Author/RH)

Developmental record ratings were obtained for 200 institutionalized mentally retarded children (5-19 years old) over a three-year period. Results indicated that differences in measured intelligence are associated with differences in developmental behavior and that between the ages of 7 and 20 years the relationship is a linear one. (Author/SW)

Examines the relationship between adolescent self-esteem and smoking among a large cohort (n=3,567) of adolescents between the 6th and 10th grades. Findings suggest that self-esteem may be a factor in the smoking behavior of female adolescents in grades six through eight, but not for males in any grade. This suggests that females may have…

This study is a re-analysis of four waves of data from the National Youth Survey (NYS) begun in 1976 on 1,725 adolescents and comprising a representative national sample. A subset of 423 subjects were selected for this study. Subjects were categorized into three delinquency onset groups: early onset (onset at age 12 years or younger); late onset…

Thirty-five children who had participated in a study of mastery motivation at one year of age were reevaluated at 3.5 years. Findings differed for boys and girls and indicated that a wide range of behaviors in the cognitive-motivational domain must be examined to find developmental continuities. (Author/CB)

A short-term longitudinal study of 314 U.S. military-dependent children (grades 2-6) in Berlin, Germany, examined whether children's coping strategies mediate relations between their action-control beliefs and anxiety. Consistent with previous literature, boys reported using antisocial coping more than did girls, and younger children reported…

Estimated effects of marital dissolution on several measures of children's well-being at 2 points in time using a nationally representative sample of 1,197 children. Regression estimates suggest that marital dissolution has pervasive, long-lasting effects on problem behavior, psychological distress, and academic performance. (RJC)

The Parental Attitudes Toward Childrearing Questionnaire, which assesses parental warmth, encouragement of independence, strictness, and aggravation, was completed by 92 mothers and fathers when their child was 20, 26, and 32 months old. Analyses assessed covariation between parents across time points. Also assessed were the possibilities that:…

Given the methodological problems with generating and using normative data with the elderly, the need for age-related norms on neuropsychological tests is clearly important. A study was conducted to examine a normal elderly group's performance on the Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery (LNNB) over time. Subjects were 57 elderly volunteers…

This study investigated the progressive development in movement and movement patterns of children ages 2-6. Data were collected over a 3-year period at six-month intervals, based on films of 57 children performing 25 motor tasks. The results are presented along two dimensions: (1) Descriptive analysis of progress of young children in movement with…

This article describes a follow-up and secondary analysis of ego development of two samples originally tested early in their college years and retested to constitute a longitudinal study. Resultant data are consistent with the hypothesis that ego growth occurs according to a fixed sequence of stages and suggest that rate of growth decreases with…