The author reexamined the relationship between sex and empathy using graduate students as subjects. The results show that, contrary to Olesker and Balter's findings, for the subjects there was no significant difference in empathic ability whether judging members of the same or the opposite sex. (Author/SE)

Judgments of disorder as reflected by pathology ratings and recommendations for professional help were strongly influenced by the type of stress condition. Stress conditions had different impact for males and females. (Author)

Previous equity research indicates that females more often than males prefer to divide rewards equally when their own work inputs are greater than that of their partner. In the present study, males and females divided rewards either between themselves and another person, or between two hypothetical members of a work dyad. Results showed that when…

In this study, 160 college students were asked to respond to their modes of expressing hostility. Subjects revealed differential modes of expressing hostility. These differences seem to be a function of racial and biological sex characteristics of respondents. Results suggest ways of understanding and dealing with occurrence of hostile acts.…

The types of defenses used by high and low hostility--guilt subjects in dealing with frustration--aggression situations were studied. Among males, high-guilt subjects tended to turn aggression against themselves, and use denial, repression, reaction-formation and isolation rather then expressions of hostility to the object. Female data failed to…

This study was designed to extend discussion of fear of success beyond the college population, using Horner's original coding scheme to examine the thematic imagery of TAT stories told by a cross-section of the public during a survey interview. The data collected from this sample of the general public contrasted in several ways with data gathered…

This study investigates sex and age differences in on-going emotionality. Systematic convenience sampling was used in conducting two waves of interviews. The interviews involved approaching subjects (n=1205) and asking them questions concerning their present emotional state, how often they experience emotion, etc. The study gives no evidence that…

Examines the relation of depression to locus of control and to the perceived causes of depression in a nonpsychiatric population. Findings suggest that adolescent females tend to hold themselves more responsible than males for unsatisfactory personal situations, and this extends to the attribution of causes for unhappy moods. (Author/PC)

Occupational personality types of Arts and Science freshmen were compared employing the six General Occupational Themes of the Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory in a multiple-discriminant analysis. Subjects were 202 male and 158 female freshmen. Univariate analyses of variance between groups on all Themes indicated significant mean differences.…

This study attempts to answer the following question: Do males and females differ in their reporting behavior to interviewers of contrasting status backgrounds, specifically psychiatric physicians and lay interviewers? Subjects were 200 adults. A 263-item instrument was utilized to measure functional psychological disorder. Interviews took place…

Overcrowded residence halls at Rutgers University form the basis for this research study on the effects of overcrowding. Subjects were the occupants of 31 rooms (7 triple male rooms, 7 triple female rooms, 7 double male rooms, and 10 double female rooms). Two sets of measures were used to determine whether crowding caused arousal and stress. The…

Students (N=49) in an undergraduate educational psychology course designed and conducted behavioral self-modification projects. Correlation and regression analyses suggested weak but significant relationships between self-modification outcomes and a linear combination of dogmatism, sex, and mathematical aptitude variables. The effects of demand…

Subjects were 44 males and 44 females. They were presented with a photograph showing a female with either an attractive or an unattractive male and with background information concerning the status of the male, (medical student or sales clerk). After receiving the information, subjects evaluated the female. Results revealed strong effects for…

The purpose of this research was to study empirically the experience of love in adult men and women. A Q-sort was developed by having independent raters classify over 300 statements about experiences in love as reflecting: (1) one of six modes of love--affective, cognitive, behavioral, verbal, physical, or fantasy; and (2) one of three directions…

This study investigated differences in perceived quality of life of 156 college students and 77 faculty members at the same university. It also addressed the issue of sex differences. Subjects responded to an 81-item quality-of-life survey by indicating their degree of dissatisfaction with each situation. Students differed significantly from…