Reports on a study designed to assess whether attributions or causality of success and failure would vary as a function of sex role attitudes. Indicates that sex-typed notions about competence may still be deeply ingrained despite recent social changes. (Author/MK)

The results of the study described support the argument that compliance (agreement with ideas expressed by others) is not a general trait associated with the female sex role. Instead, compliant behavior is affected by the extent to which the topic is relevant to subjects. (Author/GC)

A review of existing studies on responses by female homosexuals to projective and nonprojective tests. Evidence indicates female homosexuals differ from male homosexuals in psychodynamics. (Author)

Results showed that by ninth or tenth grade, males begin to externalize conflict while females tend to deal with conflict internally. This differentiation of defense choice by sex is clearly established by the last two years of high school. (JMB)

A literature review shows that few fundamental differences between men and women business owners have been substantiated. Primary reasons for self-employment are not gender specific, and research on psychological differences is inconclusive. (SK)

Critiques the codependency construct as it is currently applied and examines how the concept is used to blame and label women. The construct ignores economic and social reality, perpetuates victim-blaming, and uses the male emphasis on individuation and autonomy as normative. Codependency is reframed as a sense of social connectedness and…

Three wishes of 69 gifted and 66 nongifted adolescents were solicited in a group situation. The findings indicated that personal wishes were of the most concern for both gifted and nongifted adolescents, and that males of both groups tended to value material possessions more often than did females. A significant between-groups difference revealed…

To explore the relationship between a child's self-concept and psychosocial processes related to the perception of time, 74 preadolescents with asthma were studied. Results suggest that females' perception of the past, present, and future are significantly associated with a host of psychosocial variables and associated with the self, males' less…

Tested the reliability and validity of the Marital Status Inventory (MSI), a measure of divorce potential (N=241 couples). Compound probability for five clinical sites supported the contention that, overall, wives' are more distressed than their husbands. The MSI was also able to identify couples who later divorced. (JAC)

A study is reported of the relationships between an abbreviated dogmatism scale, two dogmatism subscales, and perceptions of time. Among the conclusions, it was found that for men and women, dogmatism relates to anxiety about time, a reduction in the present's and future's importance, and an emphasis on the past. (Author)

Investigates differences in friendship expectations between adolescent immigrants from the former Soviet Union and their Israeli-born peers. Results of rating behavioral characteristics of peers indicated that immigrants assign greater importance than their counterparts to all aspects of friendship expectations. Immigrants' friendship expectations…

To account for observed sex differences on tasks such as the rod and frame test, the embedded figures test, and other related measures, the theory is advanced that a sex-linked recessive gene mediates or facilitates certain performances. This assumption is coupled with the concept of "a mixture of density functions" to provide a…

Much attention has been devoted to issues stemming from the hypothesized differential impact of the American experience on black males and females. Earlier studies of these issues were predominantly concerned with self concept. However, little consistency has been found in the studies of black self concept. A more appropriate construct should be…

Reports of male victims (N=189) of child sexual abuse were retrospectively reviewed. Comparison to an age- and race-matched group of female victims revealed similarities in patterns of disclosure and perpetrator characteristics. (Author/DB)