Analyzing the studies of the vocabulary of children, it was found that one aspect of vocabulary has not been studied in Great Britain--the availability of words. The main aim of the investigation described here was to find out the availability of the basic words from 11 centers of interest. As the length of time allotted to each center of interest…

The aim of this research was to identify, develop, and evaluate empirically new reasoning item types that might be used to broaden the analytical measure of the Graduate Record Examinations (GRE) General Test and to strengthen its construct validity. Six item types were selected for empirical evaluation, including the two currently used in the GRE…

Investigated whether men and women produced similar Verbal Intelligence Quotient (IQ) and Performance IQ patterns following unilateral cerebral lesions. No consistent evidence of Sex X Lesioned Hemisphere interactions was found. Differences in the lateralization effects between men and women were not reflected in direction or pattern but only in…

Obtained Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale intelligence quotient (IQ) data from 64 patients with cortical neoplasms confined to one brain quadrant. Indicated significant effect for lesion laterality for verbal IQ scores and verbal IQ-performance IQ difference scores. Found no significant main effect for gender or lesion site (anterior-posterior)…

Relationships among Philosophic Mindedness (PM) (a measure of cognitive flexibility), Intellectual Self-Confidence (ISCS), ACT English (ACT-E) and the ability to reason deductively (PCRT) were obtained for 46 female and 45 male undergraduates. ISCS and PM both correlated with total PCRT performance as well as or better than ACT-E for females.…

Results indicate that when SES is controlled few significant differences emerge between the two groups, with verbal tests yielding the largest differences. (Author)

Analysis of Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (Revised) profiles of 456 grade 3 students with Intelligence Quotients of 120 and above found subtest scatter, verbal-performance discrepancy, and idiographic variability to be common and normal. Differences were identified in subgroups according to verbal or nonverbal strengths and gender. (DB)

A sample of 22,923 students who had taken the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) General Test in the academic years 1983-84 and 1984-85, and who had also taken the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) 4 or 5 years earlier was identified and classified by undergraduate field of study (four major curriculum categories) and sex. Several analyses were…

The purpose of this study was to obtain information on both the number of individuals who retest and their patterns of score gain (or decrement) by sex and ability. Individuals who retested only once were found to gain about 26-27 points on the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) verbal test and about 23 points on the GRE quantitative test. This…

Girls get higher average grades than boys in both high school and college, but their Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) scores average 57 points lower. What this means in terms of college admissions, why it occurs, and what can be done are discussed. (MT)

Right-handed sixth graders were administered the WISC Block Design and verbal and nonverbal versions of the Rod-and-Frame Test (RFT), measuring field dependence/independence. Results seemed to reflect a right hemisphere processing for the nonverbal RFT and a possible sex bias against girls in its traditional verbal administration. (Author/SJL)

Items missed on the PPVT were analyzed according to race and sex; results indicated that an alternative form of the test might use stimulus words other than those missed by a disproportinate number of subjects in this study. (MM)

A verbal and a perceptual test of gender constancy were administered to 26 four- to six-year olds. The majority of the children answered questions as if referring to a "pretend" rather than "real" situation, which decreased scores of gender constancy on both tests. (AOS)

The effects of recent changes on the Scholastic Assessment Tests (SAT) on mathematics performance are being studied using data from 1993 and later. Early results show a relative gain for women in the verbal area but not in mathematics. Expected trends, including an effect from increased calculator use, are discussed. (SLD)