This paper examines the effect of enforcement of Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) laws, between 1967 and 1974, on the earnings of females and males, and on the male/female earnings differential. Although discrimination in employment against women has been illegal for more than a decade, between 1967 and 1974 the male/female earnings differential remained virtually unchanged. The results presented in this paper show that the earnings differential would have widened by approximately 7 percentage points in the economy, and 13 points in the private sector alone, had it not been for the enforcement of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 over this period. The paper begins by presenting a theoretical background for determining the expected effects of enforcement of EEO laws on earnings. It then specifies a model of firms' compliance with Title VII, and a model to estimate the impact of enforcement on the male/female earnings differential. Following that, the impact of enforcement between 1967 and 1974 on the earnings of individuals is estimated for the economy as a whole, and for the private and government sectors. Finally, the distribution of gains and losses in earnings due to enforcement across experience intervals and education classes is assessed. (Author)