New Title IX regulations issued by the Department of Education expand the types of sexual harassment schools must address and give schools greater flexibility in how they handle hearings. But the Supreme Court's recent ruling in "Loper Bright Enterprises v. Raimondo" expands courts' roles in how federal agencies interpret and enforce…

This year marks the fiftieth anniversary of Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972, a gender-neutral statute that prohibits discrimination on the basis of sex in programs that receive federal financial assistance. This legislation has been nothing short of revolutionary, paving the way for equal opportunity for millions of women and men.…

As Title IX recently celebrated its 50th anniversary, there are still looming debates centered around compliance with federal policy, inequalities in collegiate athletics, and approaches to alleviate such issues at hand. While previous scholars have examined inequalities between men's and women's programs in collegiate athletics, few have asked…

On the 50 anniversary of the enactment of Title IX, the U.S. Department of Education released proposed new regulations for Title IX policies. For the most part, these new regulations reverse regulatory changes made during the Trump administration. The Biden administration insists the new regs will "restore crucial protections" that had…

Overall, there has been limited guidance from the federal government on how K-12 schools should implement their policies and practices to comply with Title IX and special education law. The lack of clear directives leaves K-12 schools with the task of identifying policies and processes that are the best practices in navigating the rights afforded…

Title IX, the federal law that protects against sex discrimination in schools, is frequently considered a law to protect women from bias, harassment, and assault. However, in recent years, it has also been used to protect the rights of LGBTQ+ students and of men. Robert Kim describes how male victims of harassment have been able to seek justice…

The purpose of this study was to compare the Title IX guidance from the U.S. Department of Education Office for Civil Rights from the 2011 "Dear Colleague" letter and the 2020 "Final Rule," and then to interview university Title IX coordinators about their experiences responding to the substantial changes under each…

In this article, I examine campus climate studies through radical incrementalism and queer pragmatism. As a statistician and institutional researcher, I embrace data-informed decisions to promote resource reallocation and policy formation. Yet, as a queer person, I have misgivings about incrementalism as a dominant strategy that aligns queerness…

Title IX prohibits sex discrimination in educational programs that receive federal financial assistance, including college athletics programs. Education's Office for Civil Rights (OCR) is responsible for enforcing Title IX by investigating complaints, negotiating agreements with colleges to address concerns, and monitoring agreements. US…

Universities in the United States have undertaken the goal of addressing gender-based violence (GBV) on campus. Legal reforms have provided guidance on how this should be done, including the adoption of Title IX and the 2011 "Dear Colleague" letter. This guidance focuses on limiting liability concerns through mandatory/responsible…

Title IX regulations have been in place for five decades, and various studies have examined the impact of these regulations on athletics, adjudication, and the experiences of complainants and respondents involved in cases. Although Title IX has evolved, skeptics and supporters have debated whether the regulations are effective. As of late, each…

Career and technical educators have a critical role to play in addressing occupational segregation. The gender equity provisions that are an important part of the Carl D. Perkins Career and Technical Education Act of 2006 (Perkins V) can help open doors for more women and girls to pursue more equitable pathways to the good jobs generated by…

Changes in Title IX policy feature questions about due process and procedures, however campus response to sexual violence includes a wide array of support professionals each with their own guiding principle, or institutional logic. Building on prior research identifying contradictions between service professionals and the theory of institutional…

NCAA athletic administrators and department personnel do not understand the three-prong test for Title IX compliance and incorrectly rely on proportionality as the only means to satisfy Title IX compliance. The inaccurate reliance, solely on proportionality, creates missed opportunities to satisfy Title IX law by adding varsity sports to an NCAA…

Most college students do not report sexual violence (SV) incidents reportable under Title IX to their universities. Several studies focus on Title IX in regard to gender equality in sports or SV survivors' perceptions of their Title IX experience. However, few studies examine the knowledge and perceptions of Title IX of the general college student…