This research examined ethnic and gender variations in early adolescents' reports of parental socialization goals among the majority Han and two Muslim ethnic minority groups (Hui and Kazakhs) in China. 1584 adolescents (mean age = 13.49; 54.6% girls) listed and ranked the five most important goals from parents. Achievement outcomes were…

The balance of empirical research on college men is a portrait of their maladaptive and antisocial attitudes and behaviors. Studies have demonstrated the correlation between college men's problematic behavior and adherence to gender role traditionalism. Educators have few composites of men's prosocial behavior nor the masculine ideology that…

It is hypothesized that the fact whether female and male students were socialized in East or West Germany influences their development of spatial ability differently. In this study 357 students from a West German University (Koblenz) and an East German University (Magdeburg) majoring either in computational visualization (CV) or in non-technical…

This paper characterizes sex as a status characteristic, presents data supportive of the characterization, and offers suggestions for remedying the noted imbalance. (Author/AM)

When maternal communication with two-and-one-half- to three-and-one-half-year-old children was analyzed, significant differences between mothers' speech to daughters and sons were found. Males consistently received more verbal stimulation of the type thought to facilitate cognitive development. Differential treatment of girls and boys was lessened…

Examines the consistency between two methods of measuring sex-role differentiation: verbal-objective tests and classroom observation. Preschoolers (N=494) were given five verbal-objective tests and their aggressive, dependent and cooperative behaviors were observed in the naturalistic environment of their classrooms. (Author/CM)

Recent research on the effects of women's studies courses has indicated that there are two general approaches to teaching: a concern for competence or mastery and a concern for personal change and advocacy. It was hypothesized that students taking a psychology of women course would become more androgynous and masculine in sex-role concept, more…

This study reports on the results of two panel surveys conducted in 1992 and 1995 with representative samples of 16- to 65-year old women in Germany. Participants were interviewed individually in their homes. The interviews lasted about two hours and consisted mainly of standardized scales which had to be filled by the participants. The results…

A study of gender-related differences in cognitive style of Kuwait University students investigated the relationship between sex roles and socialization in the Kuwaiti society and hemispheric brain functions. It is concluded that both males and females need to develop right-brain functions and that child-rearing and teaching methods should be…

Examined sex-typing in child personality, interests, and activities as function of traditionality of parents' gender role attitudes and sex composition of sibling dyads. Found that sex-typing was most evident in children's interests and activities. Differences in children's sex-typing as a function of fathers' attitudes and sibling sex…

Female drug addicts show greater personal distress and have fewer personal resources a9d social supports than other women. To gain new knowledge about female addicts, the Services Research Branch of the National Institute on Drug Abuse funded several research projects to analyze personality, attitudes and value measures of addicted women, support…

Compares gender role conflict in 145 female athletes and nonathletes; issues of masculinity, femininity, and self-concept; and influence due to parent's previous sports participation. Athletes, overall, had more positive self-concepts and had athletically inclined parents. Both participants' body image self-concept and parental sports…

A study examined the gender and status (defined as traditional versus nontraditional student) differences on the Classroom Interaction Rules Survey (CIRS). The research questions asked if significant differences exist between males and females and traditional and nontraditional students in terms of compliance with and importance of implicit…

An exploratory study examined gender differences in writing in the essays of five male and five female freshman composition students. The findings suggest parallels between the writing and speaking behaviors of men and women students and between student writing and the work of male and female professional writers. The male students made few…

Shows that role relationships of others to 142 (78 males, 64 females) rural Montana high school students varies across socioeconomic status, residence, and level of aspiration for males, but not for females. Results are interpreted within traditional sex-role socialization practices and differential opportunity structure by community of residence.…