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Direct linkMichelle M. Wang; Amanda Cardarelli; Jonah Brenner; Sarah-Jane Leslie; Marjorie Rhodes – Child Development, 2025
Gender-science stereotypes emerge early in childhood, but little is known about the developmental processes by which they arise. The present study tested the hypothesis that language implying scientists are a special and distinct kind of person contributes to the development of gender-science stereotypes, even when it does not communicate…
Descriptors: Sex Stereotypes, Scientists, Preschool Children, Sciences
Seowoo Kim; Kyong-sun Jin; Lin Bian – Child Development, 2024
Recent work suggests that the stereotype associating brilliance with men may underpin women's underrepresentation in prestigious careers, yet little is known about its development and consequences in non-Western contexts. The present research examined the onset of this stereotype and its relation to children's motivation in 5- to 7-year-old Korean…
Descriptors: Gender Bias, Sex Stereotypes, Equal Opportunities (Jobs), Asian Culture
Emily N. Cyr; Kathryn M. Kroeper; Hilary B. Bergsieker; Tara C. Dennehy; Christine Logel; Jennifer R. Steele; Rita A. Knasel; W. Tyler Hartwig; Priscilla Shum; Stephanie L. Reeves; Odilia Dys-Steenbergen; Amrit Litt; Christopher B. Lok; Taylor Ballinger; Haemi Nam; Crystal Tse; Amanda L. Forest; Mark Zanna; Sheryl Staub-French; Mary Wells; Toni Schmader; Stephen C. Wright; Steven J. Spencer – Child Development, 2024
Girls and women face persistent negative stereotyping within STEM (science, technology, engineering, mathematics). This field intervention was designed to improve boys' perceptions of girls' STEM ability. Boys (N = 667; mostly White and East Asian) aged 9-15 years in Canadian STEM summer camps (2017-2019) had an intervention or control…
Descriptors: Females, Womens Education, STEM Education, Summer Programs
Parker, Philip D.; Sanders, Taren; Anders, Jake; Parker, Rhiannon B.; Duineveld, Jasper J. – Child Development, 2021
In a representative longitudinal sample of 2,602 Australian children (52% boys; 2% Indigenous; 13% language other than English background; 22% of Mothers born overseas; and 65% Urban) and their mothers (first surveyed in 2003), this article examined if maternal judgments of numeracy and reading ability varied by child demographics and influenced…
Descriptors: Mothers, Parent Attitudes, Numeracy, Reading Ability
Muntoni, Francesca; Wagner, Jenny; Retelsdorf, Jan – Child Development, 2021
This study examined the associations between classmates' reading-related gender stereotypes and students' reading self-efficacy, self-concept, motivation, and achievement. Our sample consisted of 1,508 fifth-grade students (49% girls; age: 10.89 years); data were collected at two time points. Multilevel analyses yielded two main results: First,…
Descriptors: Correlation, Sex Stereotypes, Self Efficacy, Reading Skills
Ghavami, Negin; Peplau, Letitia Anne – Child Development, 2018
Heterosexual urban middle school students' (N = 1,757) stereotypes about gender typicality, intelligence, and aggression were assessed. Students (M[subscript age] = 12.36 years) rated Facebook-like profiles of peers who varied by gender, ethnicity, and sexual orientation. Several hypotheses about how the gender, ethnicity, and sexual orientation…
Descriptors: Urban Youth, Middle School Students, Sexual Orientation, Ethnicity
Miller, David I.; Nolla, Kyle M.; Eagly, Alice H.; Uttal, David H. – Child Development, 2018
This meta-analysis, spanning 5 decades of Draw-A-Scientist studies, examined U.S. children's gender-science stereotypes linking science with men. These stereotypes should have weakened over time because women's representation in science has risen substantially in the United States, and mass media increasingly depict female scientists. Based on 78…
Descriptors: Meta Analysis, Sex Stereotypes, Gender Differences, Scientists
Halim, May Ling D.; Ruble, Diane N.; Tamis-LeMonda, Catherine S.; Shrout, Patrick E.; Amodio, David M. – Child Development, 2017
This study examined factors that predicted children's gender intergroup attitudes at age 5 and the implications of these attitudes for intergroup behavior. Ethnically diverse children from low-income backgrounds (N = 246; Mexican-, Chinese-, Dominican-, and African American) were assessed at ages 4 and 5. On average, children reported positive…
Descriptors: Child Development, Gender Differences, Group Activities, Young Children
Stone, Ellen A.; Brown, Christia Spears; Jewell, Jennifer A. – Child Development, 2015
Two studies (conducted in 2013) examined whether elementary-aged children endorse a within-gender stereotype about sexualized girls. In Study 1, children (N = 208) ages 6-11 rated sexualized girls as more popular but less intelligent, athletic, and nice compared to nonsexualized girls. These distinctions were stronger for girls and older children,…
Descriptors: Sex Stereotypes, Gender Issues, Elementary School Students, Females
Coyne, Sarah M.; Linder, Jennifer Ruh; Rasmussen, Eric E.; Nelson, David A.; Birkbeck, Victoria – Child Development, 2016
This study examined level of engagement with Disney Princess media/products as it relates to gender-stereotypical behavior, body esteem (i.e. body image), and prosocial behavior during early childhood. Participants consisted of 198 children (M[subscript age] = 58 months), who were tested at two time points (approximately 1 year apart). Data…
Descriptors: Popular Culture, Sex Stereotypes, Self Esteem, Human Body
Galdi, Silvia; Cadinu, Mara; Tomasetto, Carlo – Child Development, 2014
Although stereotype awareness is a prerequisite for stereotype threat effects (Steele & Aronson, 1995), research showed girls' deficit under stereotype threat before the emergence of math-gender stereotype awareness, and in the absence of stereotype endorsement. In a study including 240 six-year-old children, this paradox was addressed by…
Descriptors: Sex Stereotypes, Females, Mathematics Skills, Social Bias
Zosuls, Kristina M.; Ruble, Diane N.; Tamis-LeMonda, Catherine S. – Child Development, 2014
This article advances a self-socialization perspective demonstrating that children's understanding of "both" gender categories represents an intergroup cognition that is foundational to the development of gender-stereotyped play. Children's (N = 212) gender category knowledge was assessed at 24 months and play was observed at…
Descriptors: Socialization, Immigrants, Mexican Americans, Toddlers
Hartley, Bonny L.; Sutton, Robbie M. – Child Development, 2013
Three studies examined the role of stereotype threat in boys' academic underachievement. Study 1 (children aged 4-10, n = 238) showed that girls from age 4 years and boys from age 7 years believed, and thought adults believed, that boys are academically inferior to girls. Study 2 manipulated stereotype threat, informing children aged…
Descriptors: Males, Academic Achievement, Underachievement, Sex Stereotypes
Pauletti, Rachel E.; Menon, Madhavi; Menon, Meenakshi; Tobin, Desiree D.; Perry, David G. – Child Development, 2012
Narcissism--a strong need to be admired for a grandiose self--is a problematic personality trait for children as well as adults. This study of 236 preadolescents (M age = 11.3 years; 129 girls, 107 boys) evaluated 2 intrapersonal (cognitive) pathways by which narcissism might contribute to maladjustment. The first was that narcissism combines with…
Descriptors: Personality Traits, Sex Stereotypes, Adjustment (to Environment), Depression (Psychology)
Halim, May Ling; Ruble, Diane; Tamis-LeMonda, Catherine; Shrout, Patrick E. – Child Development, 2013
A key prediction of cognitive theories of gender development concerns developmental trajectories in the relative strength or rigidity of gender typing. To examine these trajectories in early childhood, 229 children (African American, Mexican American, and Dominican American) were followed annually from age 3 to 5 years, and gender-stereotypical…
Descriptors: Ethnic Groups, Gender Differences, Minority Group Children, Longitudinal Studies
