Recounts briefly the author's experience with sexist ridicule, contempt and abuse during a neutral business transaction. (MH)

Explores the differences between the routines of the female comic and the male comic and concludes that females use self-disparaging humor more often. (MH)

Attempts to assess any significant change in the degree of sex-role stereotyping in television commercials in recent years. (MH)

Advertising featuring men appears to be moving gradually toward a decrease in sex-role stereotyping, although the progress is obviously slow. Of the 660 advertisements examined, only 13 were in the category showing men performing nonstereotypic roles capably or acknowledging that the sexes are fully equal. (PD)

Examines the sexual etiquette developed in advice columns in magazines popular among teenage girls. Suggests that teen magazines limit females' sociality and sexuality within narrowly defined heterosexual norms and practices. Finds that young women are encouraged to subordinate self for others, to be sex objects and teachers of interpersonal…

Contends that recent studies indicate that the representation of women in advertising continues to conform to traditional stereotypes including the stereotype of "the liberated woman". (MH)

Defines the consciousness scale as a measurement technique which divides media protrayals of women into five conceptually-derived categories that can be placed in ordinal relationships with one another. Suggests that such a scale may be useful as a tool for analyzing mass media content. (MH)

Examines forms of communication used in commercials to convey social stereotypes. (Forms refer to production techniques such as level of action or movement, pacing, camera techniques, and auditory features.) (PD)

Discusses a study designed to demonstrate a relationship between sex-role attitudes and reactions to specific types of sexual humor. (MH)

Examines the origins of social science assumptions about gender, gender research, and the major research approaches to gender provided by feminist theories. Argues that gender should be seen as a verb indicating how individuals construct and maintain particular gender systems. Claims that this conception of gender represents a starting point for…

Traces changes in images of Native Americans over time, emphasizing the role of gender, and how Native-American men and women have become sexualized in relation to the "White gaze," an important component of colonial domination. Shows that the 1990s'"lovely princess" and "Native-American stud" may be more benign than…

Analyzes sex-role portrayals in various childrens' educational television programs and reveals numerous models of sex-role inequity. (MH)