Research on the evaluation of eminent academic women supports the hypothesis that typical responses (of men, primarily) to competent women include prejudice, stereotyped beliefs, and overt or subtle discrimination. A competent woman is most likely to be devalued when potential consequences exist for the evaluator and when the woman is unfamiliar.…

Implications of the gay rights movement for the rights of children are examined from a developmental perspective which allows the rights issue to be refocused from one of children's rights to that of the rights of the adults that children become. (Author)

Argues for expansion of traditional notions of discrimination to permit antidiscrimination suits where the adverse employment decision arose from an expectation that women conform to certain patterns of behavior, whether or not that expectation was based on hostility and whether or not there is a similarly situated male who received different…

The patterning of sexual interaction in male-female dyads and the links between sexual behavior and emotional intimacy were investigated as part of a two-year study of college dating couples. Traditional sexual role playing was found to be common. (Author/AM)

Using data from two ongoing longitudinal studies and prior research, examines the effect of parental attitudes on the perpetuation of gender stereotypes in choice of school subjects and careers. Because society does not yet reward female- and male-typed occupations equally, such stereotyping is often disadvantageous to girls. (DM)

The results of this study are interpreted as being incompatible with theories of sex and violence that stress a single physiological or instinctual factor. They support two-factor theories which give more emphasis to social learning principles than to physiological determinants. (Author)

Black men face certain problems related to institutional racism and environments which often do not prepare them well for the fulfillment of masculine roles. In addition to problems created by discrimination, they encounter negative stereotyping, which holds that they are socially castrated, insecure in their male identity, and lacking in positive…

Psychotherapeutic work with lesbians is confounded by both sexist and heterosexist factors. In this paper, three aspects of women's socialization--self-concept, feminine sex-role behavior, and sexuality--which have particular implications for lesbians, are discussed in terms of their implications in therapy. (Author/WI)

Continued research into the sex-role expectations which therapists hold toward clients is an issue of particular relevance to the gay community. The training of psychotherapists should pay attention to both sex-role expectations and homosexual stereotypes as potential sources of bias in therapists' perceptions and evaluations of homosexual…

Notes that the social revolution which feminism represents can be sustained only by a through going intellectual revolution which first examines and then alters the way women are socially viewed. (Author/AM)

It is proposed that the sex composition of a group affects the sex-role awareness and sex-related responses of its members, and that such effects can operate even when there is no actual or anticipated verbal interaction among group members. (Author/AM)

Suggests that the centrality of motherhood to the definition of the adult female is characterized in the form of a mandate which requires having at least two children and raising them well. The processes mandating motherhood are discussed. (Author/AM)

This paper develops a theory of sex-role stereotyping and power use in terms of how people interact in daily life situations. It is demonstrated that women have less access, in reality and in expectations, to concrete resources and competence leaving them with helpless modes of influence. (Author/AM)

Non-verbal behavior is a powerful and consistent channel for communication of womens' low status. In both direct interactions with men and in personal styles of feminine behavior, non-verbal cues actively perpetuate traditional sex-role stereotypes, often in ways of which most people are unaware. (Author/AM)

Major points of this paper are: (a) that the goals of femininity and competence are not necessarily the same, and (b) that little is known about how to rear females to be competent, partly because competence, especially intellectual competence, has never been considered an important goal for females. (Author/AM)