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William Schuler; Shisen Yue – Cognitive Science, 2024
This article evaluates the predictions of an algorithmic-level distributed associative memory model as it introduces, propagates, and resolves ambiguity, and compares it to the predictions of computational-level parallel parsing models in which ambiguous analyses are accounted separately in discrete distributions. By superposing activation…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Algorithms, Vocabulary, Context Effect
Cavanagh, Thomas M.; Kiersch, Christa – Educational Technology Research and Development, 2023
Principles derived from the Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning (CTML; Mayer in: Multimedia learning, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2021) provide valuable guidance for enlisting commonly-available technologies to create effective online multimedia lessons. Specifically, CTML can guide instructional designers on the use of…
Descriptors: Technology Uses in Education, Electronic Learning, Multimedia Instruction, Epistemology
Pulido, Manuel F.; López-Beltrán, Priscila – Cognitive Science, 2023
Previous work on individual differences has revealed limitations in the ability of existing measures (e.g., working memory) to predict language processing. Recent evidence suggests that an individual's sensitivity to detect the statistical regularities present in language (i.e., "chunk sensitivity") may significantly modulate online…
Descriptors: Phrase Structure, Native Speakers, Gender Differences, Cues
Messenger, Katherine; Hardy, Sophie M.; Coumel, Marion – First Language, 2020
The authors argue that Ambridge's radical exemplar account of language cannot clearly explain all syntactic priming evidence, such as inverse preference effects ("greater" priming for less frequent structures), and the contrast between short-lived lexical boost and long-lived abstract priming. Moreover, without recourse to a level of…
Descriptors: Language Acquisition, Syntax, Priming, Criticism
Riches, Nick – First Language, 2020
Short term memory (STM) and working memory (WM) performance consistently predict language abilities in children with developmental language disorders. However, causality is not fully established. Moreover, evidence from the fine-grained analysis of STM/WM tasks and comprehension of complex sentences, suggests that long term memory (LTM)…
Descriptors: Syntax, Verbal Ability, Short Term Memory, Language Skills
Ibbotson, Paul – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2023
This developmental account of executive function (EF) argues that domain-general analogical processes build a functional hierarchy of skills, which vary on a continuum of abstraction, and become increasingly differentiated over time. The paper begins by showing how a functional hierarchy can capture important aspects of EF development, including…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Skill Development, Child Development, Logical Thinking
Minkang Kim; Christopher Duncan; Stanley Yip; Derek Sankey – Educational Philosophy and Theory, 2025
Cognitive load theory (CLT), a construct of instructional psychologist John Sweller, has long been a mainstay of educational psychology and university educational technology courses, regionally and internationally. Although aspects of this cognitivist theory have been severely criticised, including its insistence on direct instruction in…
Descriptors: Cognitive Ability, Educational Philosophy, Short Term Memory, Neurosciences
Lee, Kerry – Journal for the Study of Education and Development, 2023
With over two decades of research showing a close association between working memory (WM) and maths performance, WM training has been suggested as one way to supplement conventional remedial instructions. Although initial findings were promising, recent reviews have found that training typically resulted in WM improvement but no transfer to maths…
Descriptors: Mathematics Achievement, Short Term Memory, Intervention, Training
Jaffe, Joshua Benjamin; Bolger, Donald Joseph – Educational Psychology Review, 2023
Arithmetic word problems are a staple in mathematical curricula yet give individuals of all ages difficulty. Successful word problem solving requires translating the problem into a symbolic arithmetic format. However, the linguistic component may make problem solving more complex and increase cognitive load, specifically the processes that…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Arithmetic, Word Problems (Mathematics), Problem Solving
Chuderski, Adam – Journal of Intelligence, 2022
Based on recent findings in cognitive neuroscience and psychology as well as computational models of working memory and reasoning, I argue that fluid intelligence (fluid reasoning) can amount to representing in the mind the key relation(s) for the task at hand. Effective representation of relations allows for enormous flexibility of thinking but…
Descriptors: Intelligence, Cognitive Processes, Short Term Memory, Abstract Reasoning
Lori Simpson; Paige Fournier – New England College Journal of Applied Educational Research, 2021
This article aims to highlight the challenges faced by schools when addressing a wide range of learning needs--specifically English language learners (ELL) and students with exceptionalities. Both populations of students have a history of being isolated rather than included with sameaged peers due to non-traditional learning profiles. Many…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Educational Needs, Special Education, Student Diversity
Zelazo, Philip David; Carlson, Stephanie M. – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2023
Executive function (EF) skills are a set of attention-regulation skills involved in intentional, goal-directed behavior that include (but are not limited to) the cool EF skills of working memory, cognitive flexibility, and inhibitory control, and also the hot EF skill of intentional reevaluation. These skills are inevitably expressed in goal- and…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Short Term Memory, Cognitive Processes, Inhibition
Guasti, Maria Teresa – First Language, 2020
In this commentary on the Special Issue, I will address the question of what memory spans measure concerning language, as language has, at least, a linear and a hierarchical dimension. I suggest that if anything what is measured has to do with the linear dimension. Then, I will discuss the welcome results on bilingual children with language…
Descriptors: Bilingualism, Inhibition, Language Impairments, Short Term Memory
Banich, Marie T.; Wang, Kai; Kim, Hyojeong; Leopold, Daniel R.; Reineberg, Andrew E.; Thompson, Lee A.; Willcutt, Erik G.; Cutting, Laurie E.; Petrill, Stephen A. – Mind, Brain, and Education, 2023
This paper reviews three studies investigating the relationship between brain regions involved in executive control and those involved in reading comprehension in typically-developing teens. In the first study, three regions of posterior left lateral prefrontal cortex (i.e., precentral gyrus, inferior frontal junction, inferior frontal gyrus) were…
Descriptors: Correlation, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Executive Function, Reading Comprehension
Gisela Granena – Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 2023
This paper examines how research in second language acquisition has approached the study of cognitive individual differences in the process and product of L2 writing from a theoretical and empirical perspective, paying special attention to the three empirical studies included in this special issue. The paper is divided into three sections. The…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Individual Differences, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction