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Nagel, Bonnie J.; Herting, Megan M.; Maxwell, Emily C.; Bruno, Richard; Fair, Damien – Brain and Cognition, 2013
Adult functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) literature suggests that a left-right hemispheric dissociation may exist between verbal and spatial working memory (WM), respectively. However, investigation of this type has been obscured by incomparable verbal and spatial WM tasks and/or visual inspection at arbitrary thresholds as means to…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Short Term Memory, Diagnostic Tests
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Wallentin, Mikkel; Kristensen, Line Burholt; Olsen, Jacob Hedeager; Nielsen, Andreas Hojlund – Brain and Cognition, 2011
The brain's frontal eye fields (FEF), responsible for eye movement control, are known to be involved in spatial working memory (WM). In a previous fMRI experiment (Wallentin, Roepstorff & Burgess, Neuropsychologia, 2008) it was found that FEF activation was primarily related to the formation of an object-centered, rather than egocentric, spatial…
Descriptors: Eye Movements, Short Term Memory, Brain, Spatial Ability
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Jahn, Georg; Wendt, Julia; Lotze, Martin; Papenmeier, Frank; Huff, Markus – Brain and Cognition, 2012
Keeping aware of the locations of objects while one is moving requires the updating of spatial representations. As long as the objects are visible, attentional tracking is sufficient, but knowing where objects out of view went in relation to one's own body involves an updating of spatial working memory. Here, multiple object tracking was employed…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Spatial Ability, Visual Stimuli, Attention
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Hocking, Darren R.; Kogan, Cary S.; Cornish, Kim M. – Brain and Cognition, 2012
Until a decade ago, it was assumed that males with the fragile X premutation were unaffected by any cognitive phenotype. Here we examined the extent to which CGG repeat toxicity extends to visuospatial functioning in male fragile X premutation carriers who are asymptomatic for a late-onset neurodegenerative disorder, fragile X-associated…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Genealogy, Males, Spatial Ability
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Breitberg, Alaina; Drevets, Wayne C.; Wood, Suzanne E.; Mah, Linda; Schulkin, Jay; Sahakian, Barbara J.; Erickson, Kristine – Brain and Cognition, 2013
Glucocorticoid administration has been shown to exert complex effects on cognitive and emotional processing. In the current study we investigated the effects of glucocorticoid administration on attention towards emotional words, using an Affective Go/No-go task on which healthy humans have shown an attentional bias towards positive as compared to…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Cognitive Processes, Reaction Time, Short Term Memory
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Rhodes, Sinead M.; Riby, Deborah M.; Fraser, Emma; Campbell, Lorna Elise – Brain and Cognition, 2011
The present study investigated verbal and spatial working memory (WM) functioning in individuals with the neuro-developmental disorder Williams syndrome (WS) using WM component tasks. While there is strong evidence of WM impairments in WS, previous research has focused on short-term memory and has neglected assessment of executive components of…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Verbal Ability, Spatial Ability, Executive Function
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Lejbak, Lisa; Crossley, Margaret; Vrbancic, Mirna – Brain and Cognition, 2011
Sex-related differences have been reported for performance and neural substrates on some working memory measures that carry a high cognitive load, including the popular n-back neuroimaging paradigm. Despite some evidence of a sex effect on the task, the influence of sex on performance represents a potential confound in neuroimaging research. The…
Descriptors: Evidence, Gender Differences, Short Term Memory, Task Analysis
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Luck, David; Danion, Jean-Marie; Marrer, Corrine; Pham, Bich-Tuy; Gounot, Daniel; Foucher, Jack – Brain and Cognition, 2010
Working memory is devoted to the temporary storage and on-line manipulation of information. Recently, an integrative system termed the episodic buffer has been proposed to integrate and hold information being entered or retrieved from episodic memory. Although the brain system supporting such an integrative buffer is still in debate, the medial…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Comparative Analysis, Spatial Ability
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Munneke, Jaap; Heslenfeld, Dirk J.; Theeuwes, Jan – Brain and Cognition, 2010
The present study investigated how spatial working memory recruits early visual cortex. Participants were required to maintain a location in working memory while changes in blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signals were measured during the retention interval in which no visual stimulation was present. We show working memory effects during the…
Descriptors: Stimulation, Intervals, Short Term Memory, Spatial Ability
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Lejbak, Lisa; Vrbancic, Mirna; Crossley, Margaret – Brain and Cognition, 2009
This study extends Duff and Hampson's [Duff, S., & Hampson, E. (2001). A sex difference on a novel spatial working memory task in humans. "Brain and Cognition, 47," 470-493] finding of a sex-related difference in favor of females for an object location memory task. Twenty female and 20 male undergraduate students performed both manual and…
Descriptors: Undergraduate Students, Stimuli, Females, Short Term Memory
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Vuontela, Virve; Steenari, Maija-Riikka; Aronen, Eeva T.; Korvenoja, Antti; Aronen, Hannu J.; Carlson, Synnove – Brain and Cognition, 2009
Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and n-back tasks we investigated whether, in 11-13-year-old children, spatial (location) and nonspatial (color) information is differentially processed during visual attention (0-back) and working memory (WM) (2-back) tasks and whether such cognitive task performance, compared to a resting state,…
Descriptors: Age, Attention, Short Term Memory, Cognitive Processes
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Ketelsen, Kirk; Welsh, Marilyn – Brain and Cognition, 2010
The current study was designed to examine the possible existence of two limited-capacity pools of central executive resources: one each for verbal and visuospatial processing. Ninety-one college students (M age = 19.0, SD = 2.2) were administered a verbal working memory task that involved updating numbers in 2-, 3-, and 4-load conditions. The task…
Descriptors: Mental Computation, Short Term Memory, Recall (Psychology), Arithmetic
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Luna, Beatriz; Velanova, Katerina; Geier, Charles F. – Brain and Cognition, 2008
Cognitive control of behavior continues to improve through adolescence in parallel with important brain maturational processes including synaptic pruning and myelination, which allow for efficient neuronal computations and the functional integration of widely distributed circuitries supporting top-down control of behavior. This is also a time when…
Descriptors: Eye Movements, Schizophrenia, Psychopathology, Short Term Memory
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Cellard, Caroline; Tremblay, Sebastien; Lehoux, Catherine; Roy, Marc-Andre – Brain and Cognition, 2007
Memory impairment is a core feature in schizophrenia (SZ). The aim of this study was to investigate short-term memory (STM) and its sensitivity to distraction with visual-spatial material. This study comprised 23 recent-onset SZ patients and 23 healthy controls. The degree of disruption upon recall from interleaving irrelevant items within a…
Descriptors: Patients, Spatial Ability, Schizophrenia, Short Term Memory
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Sampaio, Adriana; Sousa, Nuno; Fernandez, Montse; Henriques, Margarida; Goncalves, Oscar F. – Brain and Cognition, 2008
Williams syndrome (WS) is a neurodevelopmental genetic disorder often described as being characterized by a dissociative cognitive architecture, in which profound impairments of visuo-spatial cognition contrast with relative preservation of linguistic, face recognition and auditory short-memory abilities. This asymmetric and dissociative cognition…
Descriptors: Verbal Learning, Short Term Memory, Long Term Memory, Developmental Delays
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