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Geary, David C.; Scofield, John E.; Hoard, Mary K.; Nugent, Lara – Developmental Science, 2021
The study tested the hypotheses that boys will have an advantage learning the fractions number line and this advantage will be mediated by spatial abilities. Fractions number line and, as a contrast, fractions arithmetic performance were assessed for 342 adolescents, as was their intelligence, working memory, and various spatial abilities. Boys…
Descriptors: Males, Fractions, Spatial Ability, Attention
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Dutra, Natália B.; Chen, Lydia; Anum, Adote; Burger, Oskar; Davis, Helen E.; Dzokoto, Vivian A.; Fong, Frankie T. K.; Ghelardi, Sabrina; Mendez, Kimberly; Messer, Emily J. E.; Newhouse, Morgan; Nielsen, Mark G.; Ramos, Karlos; Rawlings, Bruce; dos Santos, Renan A. C.; Silveira, Lara G. S.; Tucker-Drob, Elliot M.; Legare, Cristine H. – Developmental Science, 2022
Self-regulation is a widely studied construct, generally assumed to be cognitively supported by executive functions (EFs). There is a lack of clarity and consensus over the roles of specific components of EFs in self-regulation. The current study examines the relations between performance on (a) a self-regulation task (Heads, Toes, Knees Shoulders…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Self Control, Short Term Memory, Visual Perception
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Schröder, Elin; Gredebäck, Gustaf; Forssman, Linda; Lindskog, Marcus – Developmental Science, 2022
How do children construct a concept of natural numbers? Past research addressing this question has mainly focused on understanding how children come to acquire the cardinality principle. However, at that point children already understand the first number words and have a rudimentary natural number concept in place. The question therefore remains;…
Descriptors: Child Development, Numbers, Number Concepts, Concept Formation
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Cheng, Dazhi; Xiao, Qing; Cui, Jiaxin; Chen, Chuansheng; Zeng, Jieying; Chen, Qian; Zhou, Xinlin – Developmental Science, 2020
Studies have shown that numerosity-based arithmetic training can promote arithmetic learning in typically developing children as well as children with developmental dyscalculia (DD), but the cognitive mechanism underlying this training effect remains unclear. The main aim of the current study was to examine the role of visual form perception in…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Short Term Memory, Mathematics Education, Arithmetic
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Caviola, Sara; Colling, Lincoln J.; Mammarella, Irene C.; Szucs, Dénes – Developmental Science, 2020
We determined the relative importance of the so-called approximate number system (ANS), symbolic number comparison (SNC) and verbal and spatial short-term and working memory (WM) capacity for mathematics achievement in 1,254 Grade 2, 4 and 6 children. The large sample size assured high power and low false report probability and allowed us to…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Number Systems, Short Term Memory, Mathematics Achievement
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Sorge, Geoff B.; Toplak, Maggie E.; Bialystok, Ellen – Developmental Science, 2017
Attention difficulty is associated with poor performance on executive functioning (EF) tasks, yet EF is enhanced in bilingual children. However, no research to date has investigated the possible interaction between bilingualism and attention ability in children to determine the consequences for EF when both are present. We assessed a sample of…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Bilingualism, Attention Control, Children
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Morey, Candice C.; Mareva, Silvana; Lelonkiewicz, Jaroslaw R.; Chevalier, Nicolas – Developmental Science, 2018
The emergence of strategic verbal rehearsal at around 7 years of age is widely considered a major milestone in descriptions of the development of short-term memory across childhood. Likewise, rehearsal is believed by many to be a crucial factor in explaining why memory improves with age. This apparent qualitative shift in mnemonic processes has…
Descriptors: Eye Movements, Mnemonics, Child Development, Qualitative Research
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Barnes, Jessica J.; Woolrich, Mark W.; Baker, Kate; Colclough, Giles L.; Astle, Duncan E. – Developmental Science, 2016
Functional connectivity is the statistical association of neuronal activity time courses across distinct brain regions, supporting specific cognitive processes. This coordination of activity is likely to be highly important for complex aspects of cognition, such as the communication of fluctuating task goals from higher-order control regions to…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Children, Brain, Cognitive Processes
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Bugden, Stephanie; Ansari, Daniel – Developmental Science, 2016
In the present study we examined whether children with Developmental Dyscalculia (DD) exhibit a deficit in the so-called "Approximate Number System" (ANS). To do so, we examined a group of elementary school children who demonstrated persistent low math achievement over 4 years and compared them to typically developing (TD), aged-matched…
Descriptors: Learning Disabilities, Children, Spatial Ability, Short Term Memory
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Belmonti, Vittorio; Cioni, Giovanni; Berthoz, Alain – Developmental Science, 2015
Navigational and reaching spaces are known to involve different cognitive strategies and brain networks, whose development in humans is still debated. In fact, high-level spatial processing, including allocentric location encoding, is already available to very young children, but navigational strategies are not mature until late childhood. The…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Navigation, Spatial Ability, Hypothesis Testing
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Szucs, Dénes; Devine, Amy; Soltesz, Fruzsina; Nobes, Alison; Gabriel, Florence – Developmental Science, 2014
We determined how various cognitive abilities, including several measures of a proposed domain-specific number sense, relate to mathematical competence in nearly 100 9-year-old children with normal reading skill. Results are consistent with an extended number processing network and suggest that important processing nodes of this network are…
Descriptors: Cognitive Ability, Children, Numeracy, Short Term Memory
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Thorell, Lisa B.; Lindqvist, Sofia; Nutley, Sissela Bergman; Bohlin, Gunilla; Klingberg, Torkel – Developmental Science, 2009
Executive functions, including working memory and inhibition, are of central importance to much of human behavior. Interventions intended to improve executive functions might therefore serve an important purpose. Previous studies show that working memory can be improved by training, but it is unknown if this also holds for inhibition, and whether…
Descriptors: Control Groups, Preschool Children, Inhibition, Short Term Memory
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Noble, Kimberly G.; McCandliss, Bruce D.; Farah, Martha J. – Developmental Science, 2007
Socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with childhood cognitive achievement. In previous research we found that this association shows neural specificity; specifically we found that groups of low and middle SES children differed disproportionately in perisylvian/language and prefrontal/executive abilities relative to other neurocognitive…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Cognitive Processes, Cognitive Ability, Neurological Organization