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Peterson, Dwight J.; Decker, Reed; Naveh-Benjamin, Moshe – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2019
An unresolved issue regarding working memory (WM) processes relates to whether domain-general attentional resources are required to form and store bound representations. Recent evidence suggests that visual WM performance during tasks that require binding of face-scene pairs is disrupted by concurrent divided attention to a greater degree than…
Descriptors: Attention, Attention Control, Short Term Memory, Repetition
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Meier, Matt E.; Smeekens, Bridget A.; Silvia, Paul J.; Kwapil, Thomas R.; Kane, Michael J. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2018
The association between working memory capacity (WMC) and the antisaccade task, which requires subjects to move their eyes and attention away from a strong visual cue, supports the claim that WMC is partially an attentional construct (Kane, Bleckley, Conway, & Engle, 2001; Unsworth, Schrock, & Engle, 2004). Specifically, the…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Individual Differences, Reaction Time, Cues
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Unsworth, Nash; Brewer, Gene A.; Spillers, Gregory J. – Journal of Memory and Language, 2012
The present study examined individual differences in everyday cognitive failures assessed by diaries. A large sample of participants completed various cognitive ability measures in the laboratory. Furthermore, a subset of these participants also recorded everyday cognitive failures (attention, retrospective memory, and prospective memory failures)…
Descriptors: Attention Control, Individual Differences, Short Term Memory, Diaries
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Mrazek, Michael D.; Smallwood, Jonathan; Franklin, Michael S.; Chin, Jason M.; Baird, Benjamin; Schooler, Jonathan W. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 2012
Tests of working memory capacity (WMC) and fluid intelligence (gF) are thought to capture variability in a crucial cognitive capacity that is broadly predictive of success, yet pinpointing the exact nature of this capacity is an area of ongoing controversy. We propose that mind-wandering is associated with performance on tests of WMC and gF,…
Descriptors: Evidence, Short Term Memory, Attention, Attention Control
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Unsworth, Nash; McMillan, Brittany D.; Brewer, Gene A.; Spillers, Gregory J. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2012
The present study examined individual differences in everyday attention failures. Undergraduate students completed various cognitive ability measures in the laboratory and recorded everyday attention failures in a diary over the course of a week. The majority of attention failures were failures of distraction or mind wandering in educational…
Descriptors: Attention, Failure, Undergraduate Students, Individual Differences
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Forster, Sophie; Lavie, Nilli – Cognition, 2009
Perceptual load is a key determinant of distraction by task-irrelevant stimuli (e.g., Lavie, N. (2005). "Distracted and confused?: Selective attention under load." "Trends in Cognitive Sciences," 9, 75-82). Here we establish the role of perceptual load in determining an internal form of distraction by task-unrelated thoughts (TUTs or…
Descriptors: Attention, Short Term Memory, Attention Control, Stimuli
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de Fockert, Jan W.; Mizon, Guy A.; D'Ubaldo, Mariangela – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2010
There is evidence that the efficiency of selective attention depends on the availability of cognitive control mechanisms as distractor processing has been found to increase with high load on working memory or dual task coordination (Lavie, Hirst, de Fockert, & Viding, 2004). We tested the prediction that cognitive control load would also…
Descriptors: Priming, Evidence, Attention Control, Short Term Memory
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Toll, Sylke W. M.; Van der Ven, Sanne H. G.; Kroesbergen, Evelyn H.; Van Luit, Johannes E. H. – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 2011
In the past years, an increasing number of studies have investigated executive functions as predictors of individual differences in mathematical abilities. The present longitudinal study was designed to investigate whether the executive functions shifting, inhibition, and working memory differ between low achieving and typically achieving children…
Descriptors: Group Membership, Learning Disabilities, Inhibition, Short Term Memory
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Sandrini, Marco; Rossini, Paolo Maria; Miniussi, Carlo – Neuropsychologia, 2008
The functional organization of working memory (WM) in the human prefrontal cortex remains unclear. The present study used repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to clarify the role of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) both in the types of information (verbal vs. spatial), and the types of processes (maintenance vs.…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Attention, Short Term Memory, Brain
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Macdonald, James S. P.; Lavie, Nilli – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2008
Although the perceptual load theory of attention has stimulated a great deal of research, evidence for the role of perceptual load in determining perception has typically relied on indirect measures that infer perception from distractor effects on reaction times or neural activity (see N. Lavie, 2005, for a review). Here we varied the level of…
Descriptors: Blindness, Response Style (Tests), Attention, Short Term Memory
Webber, Jenny Ann – ProQuest LLC, 2011
Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and its effects on student academic achievement have been researched for many years. There have been many interventions that have been used in treating ADHD that have been found successful when implemented consistently. Some of the interventions that have been researched in the past are behavior…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Feedback (Response), Behavior Modification, Short Term Memory