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Oberauer, Klaus; Lewandowsky, Stephan – Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 2013
The article tests the assumption that forgetting in working memory for verbal materials is caused by time-based decay, using the complex-span paradigm. Participants encoded 6 letters for serial recall; each letter was preceded and followed by a processing period comprising 4 trials of difficult visual search. Processing duration, during which…
Descriptors: Accuracy, Recall (Psychology), Maintenance, Models
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Farrell, Simon – Psychological Review, 2012
A model of short-term memory and episodic memory is presented, with the core assumptions that (a) people parse their continuous experience into episodic clusters and (b) items are clustered together in memory as episodes by binding information within an episode to a common temporal context. Along with the additional assumption that information…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Recall (Psychology), Long Term Memory, Memorization
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Acheson, Daniel J.; MacDonald, Maryellen C.; Postle, Bradley R. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2011
The influence of semantic processing on the serial ordering of items in short-term memory was explored using a novel dual-task paradigm. Participants engaged in 2 picture-judgment tasks while simultaneously performing delayed serial recall. List material varied in the presence of phonological overlap (Experiments 1 and 2) and in semantic content…
Descriptors: Models, Semantics, Serial Ordering, Short Term Memory
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Riggs, Kevin J.; Simpson, Andrew; Potts, Thomas – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2011
Visual short-term memory (VSTM) research suggests that the adult capacity is limited to three or four multifeature object representations. Despite evidence supporting a developmental increase in capacity, it remains unclear what the unit of capacity is in children. The current study employed the change detection paradigm to investigate both the…
Descriptors: Object Permanence, Short Term Memory, Recall (Psychology), Memorization
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St Clair-Thompson, Helen; Overton, Tina; Botton, Chris – Research in Science & Technological Education, 2010
The current review is concerned with an information processing model used in science education. The purpose is to summarise the current theoretical understanding, in published research, of a number of factors that are known to influence learning and achievement. These include field independence, working memory, long-term memory, and the use of…
Descriptors: Science Education, Models, Cognitive Processes, Cognitive Style
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Barton, Brian; Ester, Edward F.; Awh, Edward – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2009
Are resources in visual working memory allocated in a continuous or a discrete fashion? On one hand, flexible resource models suggest that capacity is determined by a central resource pool that can be flexibly divided such that items of greater complexity receive a larger share of resources. On the other hand, if capacity in working memory is…
Descriptors: Visual Perception, Experiments, Mnemonics, Memorization
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Brady, Timothy F.; Konkle, Talia; Alvarez, George A. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 2009
The information that individuals can hold in working memory is quite limited, but researchers have typically studied this capacity using simple objects or letter strings with no associations between them. However, in the real world there are strong associations and regularities in the input. In an information theoretic sense, regularities…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Memorization, Probability, Organizations (Groups)
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Humphreys, Michael S.; Maguire, Angela M.; McFarlane, Kimberley A.; Burt, Jennifer S.; Bolland, Scott W.; Murray, Krista L.; Dunn, Ryan – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2010
We examined associative and item recognition using the maintenance rehearsal paradigm. Our intent was to control for mnemonic strategies; to produce a low, graded level of learning; and to provide evidence of the role of attention in long-term memory. An advantage for low-frequency words emerged in both associative and item recognition at very low…
Descriptors: Cues, Familiarity, Short Term Memory, Recognition (Psychology)
Waite, Robert – Bulletin of the American Society for Information Science, 1982
Describes an information processing model which can be used to make operating instructions and reference manuals easy for customers to understand and remember. Long-term and short-term memory, readability of text, the use of graphics, and providing cues to improve retention are discussed in terms of the model. (EJS)
Descriptors: Design Requirements, Equipment Utilization, Graphic Arts, Guides