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Direct linkVogan, Vanessa M.; Morgan, Benjamin R.; Smith, Mary Lou; Taylor, Margot J. – Autism: The International Journal of Research and Practice, 2019
This study examined functional changes longitudinally over 2 years in neural correlates associated with working memory in youth with and without autism spectrum disorder, and the impact of increasing cognitive load. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging and a visuo-spatial 1-back task with four levels of difficulty. A total of 14 children…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Short Term Memory, Difficulty Level
Peng, Peng; Wang, Cuicui; Namkung, Jessica – Review of Educational Research, 2018
The current study investigated the cognitive deficit profiles among individuals with mathematics difficulties (MD) and potential moderators and mechanism for these profiles. Seventy-five cognitive profiling studies on MD were included, representing a total of 13,001 individuals and 126 independent samples. Results showed that compared with…
Descriptors: Cognitive Ability, Mathematics Skills, Comparative Analysis, Phonological Awareness
Hales, Jena B.; Broadbent, Nicola J.; Velu, Priya D.; Squire, Larry R.; Clark, Robert E. – Learning & Memory, 2015
Structures in the medial temporal lobe, including the hippocampus and perirhinal cortex, are known to be essential for the formation of long-term memory. Recent animal and human studies have investigated whether perirhinal cortex might also be important for visual perception. In our study, using a simultaneous oddity discrimination task, rats with…
Descriptors: Brain Hemisphere Functions, Animals, Eye Movements, Task Analysis
Lanfranchi, Silvia; De Mori, Letizia; Mammarella, Irene C.; Carretti, Barbara; Vianello, Renzo – American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2015
The aim of the present study was to compare visuospatial working memory performance in 18 individuals with Williams syndrome (WS) and 18 typically developing (TD) children matched for nonverbal mental age. Two aspects were considered: task presentation format (i.e., spatial-sequential or spatial-simultaneous), and level of attentional control…
Descriptors: Genetic Disorders, Disabilities, Visual Perception, Spatial Ability
Carretti, Barbara; Lanfranchi, Silvia; Mammarella, Irene C. – Research in Developmental Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2013
Earlier research showed that visuospatial working memory (VSWM) is better preserved in Down syndrome (DS) than verbal WM. Some differences emerged, however, when VSWM performance was broken down into its various components, and more recent studies revealed that the spatial-simultaneous component of VSWM is more impaired than the spatial-sequential…
Descriptors: Down Syndrome, Short Term Memory, Spatial Ability, Cognitive Ability
Jeneson, Annette; Squire, Larry R. – Learning & Memory, 2012
Early studies of memory-impaired patients with medial temporal lobe (MTL) damage led to the view that the hippocampus and related MTL structures are involved in the formation of long-term memory and that immediate memory and working memory are independent of these structures. This traditional idea has recently been revisited. Impaired performance…
Descriptors: Intervals, Visual Perception, Short Term Memory, Long Term Memory
Lanfranchi, S.; Baddeley, A.; Gathercole, S.; Vianello, R. – Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 2012
Background: Recent studies have shown that individuals with Down syndrome (DS) are poorer than controls in performing verbal and visuospatial dual tasks. The present study aims at better investigating the dual task deficit in working memory in individuals with DS. Method: Forty-five individuals with DS and 45 typically developing children matched…
Descriptors: Down Syndrome, Short Term Memory, Visual Perception, Spatial Ability
Englund, Julia A.; Decker, Scott L.; Allen, Ryan A.; Roberts, Alycia M. – Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 2014
Cognitive deficits in working memory (WM) are characteristic features of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and autism. However, few studies have investigated cognitive deficits using a wide range of cognitive measures. We compared children with ADHD ("n" = 49) and autism ("n" = 33) with a demographically matched…
Descriptors: Cognitive Ability, Neurological Impairments, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Children
Lallier, Marie; Donnadieu, Sophie; Valdois, Sylviane – Annals of Dyslexia, 2013
The simultaneous auditory processing skills of 17 dyslexic children and 17 skilled readers were measured using a dichotic listening task. Results showed that the dyslexic children exhibited difficulties reporting syllabic material when presented simultaneously. As a measure of simultaneous visual processing, visual attention span skills were…
Descriptors: Auditory Perception, Children, Dyslexia, Reading Skills
Oerlemans, Anoek M.; Hartman, Catharina A.; Bruijn, Yvette G. E.; Franke, Barbara; Buitelaar, Jan K.; Rommelse, Nanda N. J. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2015
Background: We may improve our understanding of the role of common versus unique risk factors in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) by examining ADHD-related cognitive deficits in single- (SPX), and multi-incidence (MPX) families. Given that individuals from multiplex (MPX) families are likely to share genetic vulnerability for the…
Descriptors: Incidence, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Role, Neurological Impairments
Geurts, Hilde M.; Vissers, Marlies E. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2012
Cognitive autism research is mainly focusing on children and young adults even though we know that autism is a life-long disorder and that healthy aging already has a strong impact on cognitive functioning. We compared the neuropsychological profile of 23 individuals with autism and 23 healthy controls (age range 51-83 years). Deficits were…
Descriptors: Control Groups, Autism, Older Adults, Short Term Memory
Georgiou, George K.; Papadopoulos, Timothy C.; Zarouna, Elena; Parrila, Rauno – Dyslexia, 2012
The purpose of this study was to examine if children with dyslexia learning to read a consistent orthography (Greek) experience auditory and visual processing deficits and if these deficits are associated with phonological awareness, rapid naming speed and orthographic processing. We administered measures of general cognitive ability, phonological…
Descriptors: Cognitive Ability, Dyslexia, Reading Difficulties, Reading Fluency
Baker, S.; Hooper, S.; Skinner, M.; Hatton, D.; Schaaf, J.; Ornstein, P.; Bailey, D. – Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 2011
Background: Working memory problems have been targeted as core deficits in individuals with Fragile X syndrome (FXS); however, there have been few studies that have examined working memory in young boys with FXS, and even fewer studies that have studied the working memory performance of young boys with FXS across different degrees of complexity.…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Memorization, Males, Recall (Psychology)
Papp, Kathryn V.; Kaplan, Richard F.; Snyder, Peter J. – Brain and Cognition, 2011
Huntington's disease (HD), an autosomal-dominant genetic disorder, has historically been viewed as a degenerative movement disorder but it also includes psychiatric symptoms and progressive cognitive decline. There has been a lack of consensus in the literature about whether or not cognitive signs can be detected in carriers before clinical…
Descriptors: Genetic Disorders, Pathology, At Risk Persons, Genetics
Patel, S. K.; Mullins, W. A.; O'Neil, S. H.; Wilson, K. – Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 2011
Background: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between brain tumour location and core areas of cognitive and behavioural functioning for paediatric brain tumour survivors. The extant literature both supports and refutes an association between paediatric brain tumour location and neurocognitive outcomes. We examined…
Descriptors: Intelligence, Academic Achievement, Radiology, Short Term Memory
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