A total of 60 adults and 60 first graders were presented with brief stories and asked to supply the verbal statement (or directive) that would be used by the story character. Results confirmed expectations regarding situational use of directives for neutral-affect story characters. (Author/KS)

Generated a taxonomy of situations most likley to lead deviant children to experience social difficulties. Study 1 administered a survey to teachers of rejected (N=45) and adaptive (N=39) children. Found six main situation types. Study 2 tested 15 items within the six situations. The items differentiated the two groups. (BH)

This paper describes an experiment in using the "scenario," a concept parallel to that of the case study, as a research tool for obtaining information about possible sex discrimination in personnel decisions by high school principals in South Australia. A review of the literature indicated that in spite of legislation aimed at…

This study compared the ability of 20 young adults (mean age 29) and 22 older adults (mean age 63) with mild/moderate mental retardation to respond to requests for clarification in conversation. Neither group was as responsive to the requests as would have been predicted from their general cognitive and linguistic functioning levels. Few…

Designed to assess how people read and comprehend information presented in picture-text amalgams in procedural texts, this instrument presents various combinations of text information and illustrative information on slides. Subjects are assigned to one of four conditions and directed to follow the instructions presented on the slides. Videotapes…

Since 1955, deinstitutionalization has brought 1.5 million chronic mental patients back into the community. Studies have shown that perception and citizen support of this population vary greatly. To investigate responses to encounters with chronic mental patients in public settings, 160 college students responded to vignettes manipulated for four…

The history of divergent-thinking tests suggests that new approaches to creativity testing are needed. Research has focused on the relation of creativity to insight, divergent problem solving, problem finding, and intelligence. A proposed situational model of creativity defines creativity as a meaningful response to open-problem, open-solution…

This study replicates an experimental design testing whether effects of supervisory training in transactional analysis (TA) language cues can be carried outside the laboratory setting of simulated testing into the field testing of professional work settings involving dialogues with supervisees. Transactional analysis theory presumes the…

A number of changes have been made in student assessment at the University of Montana School of Law, in an attempt to assess elements of student performance as well as knowledge level. Within the educational goal of blending legal theory and practical skills, practicing lawyers were surveyed about what a good lawyer should be able to do and should…