Background: Serious games (SGs) have been increasingly utilised in various domains of education and training. These SGs are a compelling and impactful pedagogical tool that have demonstrated the potential to transform users' perspectives in a multitude of fields, including music. Objectives: This paper presents a systematic literature review (SLR)…

This study critically reviews sixteen empirical studies that investigate the various difficulties that primary school students encounter while learning programming through educational games. Specifically, the challenges that students face in understanding basic programming concepts and the game elements that contribute to these difficulties, as…