This study was designed to experimentally examine how supplemental vocabulary instruction provided in either whole-group or small-group settings influences low-income preschoolers' word knowledge and conceptualdevelopment. Using a within-subject design, 108 preschool children from 12 Head Start classrooms participated in an 8-week intervention,…

This article presents findings of an efficacy trial examining the effect of a multitiered instruction and intervention model on first grade at-risk students' reading outcomes. Schools (N = 16) were randomly assigned to the treatment or control condition. In the fall of Grade 1, students were assigned to an instructional tier on the basis of…

This study reports findings on the relative effects from a yearlong secondary intervention contrasting large-group, small-group, and school-provided interventions emphasizing word study, vocabulary development, fluency, and comprehension with seventh- and eighth-graders with reading difficulties. Findings indicate that few statistically…

The findings of a best-evidence synthesis of the collateral effect of literacy instruction on the social adjustment of students are reported. The goal of the synthesis was to extend the work of Wanzek, Vaughn, Kim, and Cavanaugh (2006) by (a) reviewing treatment-outcomes conducted using group design methodology; (b) focusing on a more defined set…

The effects of instruction in polysemantic words at the sixth-grade level are investigated. The most efficient means of teaching these words, the factors which affect such teaching, and the effectiveness of large group instruction versus small group instruction are studied. Four hundred and twenty-seven sixth-grade students from lower-, middle-,…

A good language game is one that (1) requires little or no advance preparation, (2) is easy to play and yet provides the student with an intellectual challenge, (3) is short enough to occupy a convenient space during the class period, (4) entertains the students but does not cause the class to get out of control, and (5) requires no time-consuming…

In response to the research findings of Head Start programs, in particular, and of research in early childhood education, in general, this manual was created by the Kindergarten Study Group of the Cincinnati Public Schools to examine the kindergarten program. The purpose of this manual is to help teachers broaden and extend the learning of the…