This article draws together the diversity of practices and experiences presented in the previous articles. We identify the challenges and opportunities facing adult educators in Latin America and the Caribbean in a context of growing social movements and discuss the potential relevance of these practices and experiences for US adult educators.

This article introduces the reader to the nature of social movement-based adult education practices in Latin America and the Caribbean by reviewing major social movements in the region from 2010 to 2020.

This article analyzes the experience of higher education student organizing in Puerto Rico. The national student strikes of 2010 and 2017 were the longest held in the history of the University of Puerto Rico, the island's only public institution for higher education. We examine the educational approach of the national student social movement using…

This article presents the results of a qualitative study on the relationship between social movements and a Master's Program in youth and adult education in Bahia, Brazil. It pays particular attention to the importance of antiracism in and the decolonization of the program's curriculum.

Rooted in nearly five decades of scholarly research, transformative learning theory explores how individuals construct and reinterpret their experiences, leading to profound change. This chapter delves into the foundational principles of transformative learning within adult education, highlighting its significance and broad applications. It starts…

In this article, I discuss the academic field of adult education as it relates to critical media literacy, critical public pedagogy, social and civic activism, and higher education in this era many have labeled "post-truth." I ask readers to reconsider the traditional university tenure process and the academic publishing industry as…

The evolution of Web 2.0 user-generated content has opened the door to new forms of collective action and social movement building. In asking if the benefits outweigh the risks, this paper brings Gramsci's theorization of activism into the twenty-first century, where the newspaper has been replaced by social medial tools and the Organic…

This chapter engenders activist knowledge production through narratives from Mulher Sem Terra--women in the Landless Workers Movement. It is empirically grounded in a qualitative research study about women educators in the Landless Workers Movement (MST). Participation in the movement enabled these women to continue their own schooling and go on…

This chapter provides an overview of a community-based approach to documentary photography known as photovoice and describes how Community Health Advisors in Mississippi and Alabama used photovoice to empower themselves and take action by becoming active partners in their individual and in their community's health.

This chapter offers an intergenerational reflection on the production of photostories in the Toronto-based Moment Project of the 1980s, considering how its features of co-creation, creative forms, and critical social content could be reinvented with the new digital media forms integral to today's social movements.

This article highlights four concepts related to embodied knowledge for community awareness: (1) possibilities; (2) risk; (3) collective engagement; and (4) performance. It examines the author's narrative study investigation manifested in a performance text as a case study on how women embodied repressed knowledge and released it through…

Meeting the learning needs of older adults in rural areas is a critical and growing concern for adult and continuing education. This chapter addresses learning in a rural context for older adults by examining several constructs. These include the definitions of "rural," the issues of the learners' ages, and the various structures and…

This chapter examines popular culture as a site of cultural resistance. Specifically, it explores how "culture jamming," a cultural-resistance activity, can be a form of adult education. It examines adult education and learning as it intersects with both consumerism and popular culture. Focus is placed on a growing social movement of individuals…

Action learning often challenges existing rules, experiments with truth, questions the efficacy of mediating institutions, and leads to significant personal and social change. Examples are found in the behavior of different people with widely varying backgrounds and motivations who embarked on paths of action learning that led them to change. (JOW)

Action science focuses on unexamined beliefs that drive action, evaluating behavior for consistency and validity against beliefs and meaning systems. One goal is to move from single-loop to double-loop learning. Critical issues include its seemingly therapeutic nature, the problem of free and informed choice, and facilitator competence. (SK)