The paper examines two theories in nursing--those of Peplau and Rogers. The works of these two theorists were selected because they illustrate variation in approach. The origin of the problems, the methods, the character of the subject matter, and the expected outcomes of testing are the four questions used in the analysis. (MW)

Using a social exchange framework, a literature review examined individual and organizational antecedents, moderators, and outcomes of mentoring. Social exchange theory demonstrates how participants assess the costs and benefits of mentoring before, during, and after their participation. (SK)

It is important to retain qualified teachers in any educational environment. This is especially true for teachers who work in a structured environment fraught with administrative, logistical, and political challenges. The principal is responsible for providing a supportive educational environment, which is necessary for an atmosphere where the…

In investigating the place of consumption in education it is necessary to question both critical theory's language of manipulation and neo-liberalism's language of rational action as ways of explaining the significance of consumption in people's lives and where it has assumed a central status in the contemporary social order. This paper argues…

The resource-based view of the firm and social exchange perspectives are invoked to hypothesize linkages among high-performance work systems, collective human capital, the degree of social exchange in an establishment, and establishment performance. The authors argue that high-performance work systems generate a high level of collective human…

These days, processes of corruption in colleges and universities are vividly reflected in the mass consciousness. In spite of numerous reports about these processes in the mass media, however, there are no exact data about the prevalence of bribery in higher education. Just what phenomena of bribery exist in higher education, and to what extent?…

There has been widespread corruption in almost all societies and a general belief that without the involvement of Accountants, or if accountants carry out their duties effectively, there will be no corruption. Therefore this paper is designed to look at the current approach educating accountants in order to discover the educational arrangement put…

"Alabama Education News" is published monthly except for June, July, and December by the Alabama Department of Education. This publication, authorized by Section 16-2-4 of the "Code of Alabama", as recompiled in 1975, is a public service of the Alabama Department of Education designed to inform citizens and educators about…

This study proposes relationships between job satisfaction, affective commitment (organization, supervisor and workgroup), and exchange relations with supervisor, organization and workgroup members among extension personnel. Perceived self-esteem (SE) is hypothesized to moderate relations between the social exchange foci and the corresponding…

Interviewed currently married or widowed women aged 60-75 (N=719), either childless or with one or more children, about advantages and disadvantages of childlessness and about other family-related and social areas. Results indicated that childless older women did not conform to a stereotype of unhappiness and dissatisfaction. (BH)

This paper presents a definition of leadership in relation to power and authority and in terms of the impact of various types of influence attempts in formal organizations. The actions and reactions of superordinates and subordinates occur in terms of cultural values, group norms, and social responses derived from the social learning processes.…

This study examined the effects of allocation instructions and self-interest on preschool children's use of the rule of equity in situations involving reward allocation. Results showed that when the demand for equity was explicit and self-interest was removed, all children used equity in allocating rewards. (Author/JMB)

Examined from a social exchange perspective, the interaction between several indicators of relational interdependence and relational commitment in married individuals. Results indicated that a high level of interdependence positively covaried with commitment. Perceived equity in the distribution of outcomes accounted for the largest percentage of…

High need for social approval, as measured by self- and peer ratings, is related to evasive and impersonal behavior. High-scoring males gave predominantly neutral disclosures. (Author)

Examines the complementarity of three often-used theories in family research: social exchange theory, symbolic interactionism, and conflict theory. Provides a case example in which a multiple perspective is applied to a problem of marital discord. Discusses implications for the clinician. (Author/WAS)