France sought to assimilate Amerindians by racial intermixing as an instrument of empire. In doing so, France unwittingly prepared the way for a phenomenon which it did not want and would have disapproved of thoroughly: the development among the Metis of the Canadian Northwest of a sense of a separate identity, the spirit of the "New…

While social history has made great contributions to fur trade and native history, the article reflects upon the limitations of present approaches of recounting Canadian history. (ERB)

Following the invasion of the American Indian worlds by various European nation states, four centuries of colonization, subjugation, and intermingling have produced ample opportunity for the genesis and re-creation of bold new ethnicities and identities. An example is the Metis in the Great Lakes region. (Author/ERB)

This report was issued by a conference committee of the U.S. Senate and House of Representatives to reconcile disagreeing votes on amendments to the Developmental Disabilities Assistance and Bill of Rights Act. The Act is designed to assure that individuals with developmental disabilities and their families participate in the design of and have…

In 1670 the British parliament granted a charter giving the Hudson's Bay Company a monopolistic right to trade furs in the lands draining into the Hudson and James Bays; this enactment would alter permanently the way of life of the native inhabitants of the fur-rich lands. The first fur trading post was Moose Factory. (ERB)

This guide was developed to inform the child care industry about the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and to familiarize child care providers with the importance and value of including all children in regular child care settings. It offers an overview of the law as well as practical solutions to common problems and advice to ensure success in…

This paper presents the testimony concerning special education reform and inclusion programs of the Director of Education and Employment Issues before a House of Representatives subcommittee. The speaker concludes that inclusion programs can work (as in districts in California, Kentucky, New York, and Vermont) but take tremendous effort and…

Enactment of the Education for All Handicapped Children Act stipulated that the mentally retarded, among other groups of handicapped children, be educated in the least restrictive environment. Specialized instruction and related service needs are crucial components to be considered in designing an adequate educational program for exceptional…

This New York state plan provides a framework for promoting full opportunities for all individuals with disabilities in both the workplace and the community. It is a legal compact which describes the nature, scope, and conditions of the state's program and ensures that program administration will conform to federal legislation and regulations. The…

A transcript of a hearing on ethnic groups, immigrants, and opportunities for success is provided in this document. Included are prepared statements and supplemental materials by experts on population, ethnicity, public policy, and other issues relating to coexistence of the many ethnic and racial groups which live in the United States. Among the…

This report examines the implementation of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) during the 5 years since its passage in 1990. An introductory chapter considers the overall importance of the Act; the continuing interest of the National Council on Disability (NCD) in the ADA; and the visits of NCD representatives to each of the 50 states, the…

This pamphlet outlines activities that the British government has undertaken to provide equality of opportunity to ethnic minorities. Background information is provided through an overview of immigration trends which describes racial and regional distributions of minority groups. Legislation concerning race relations and discrimination is…

Two questions are examined in this brief for the United States, on petition for a writ of certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit: (1) whether the Austin Independent School District (AISD) has engaged in racial discrimination against its black and Mexican American students, and, (2) whether the Court of Appeals erred…

In this school desegregation case, plaintiffs sought declaratory and injunctive relief against acts of the defendants allegedly violative of the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. The complaint, filed on March 28, 1968, claimed that the defendants have acted to create and maintain unlawful racial…

This document contains a press release and consent decree dealing with establishing city wide basic elements in the education of children whose functional language is Spanish. The major elements of this agreement extend on a city-wide level the best practices that are currently being attempted and implemented for target children in the New York…