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| Hauser, Robert M. | 2 |
| Pager, Devah I. | 1 |
| Simmons, Solon J. | 1 |
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| Speeches/Meeting Papers | 2 |
| Information Analyses | 1 |
| Opinion Papers | 1 |
| Reports - Evaluative | 1 |
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Download full textHauser, Robert M.; Pager, Devah I.; Simmons, Solon J. – 2000
This paper reviews the policy context of school retention and shows that age-grade retardation has been common and growing in American schools from the 1970s-90s. The paper focuses on the period from 1972-98 and on grade retardation at ages 6, 9, 12, 15, and 17 years. By age 9 years, the odds of grade-retardation among African American and…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Black Students, Educational Policy, Elementary Secondary Education
Hauser, Robert M. – 2000
This paper reviews the extent and consequences of grade retention in elementary and secondary school. The first part of the paper reviews recent proposals for test-based grade promotion and retention. These are based on politically attractive, but scientifically unsupported claims about the benefits of retention, and minority students are more…
Descriptors: Academic Failure, Age Grade Placement, Educational Policy, Educational Trends
