There is duality in human existence typified by metaphor placing humans as strands in web of life on one hand, and as creators of unique and social "environments" on the other. Describes conflicts manifested by these disparate views and suggests how environmental sociology may evolve into a more prominent discipline by following multiple…

Divides the history of urban sociology in France into three periods: (1) functionalism, which lasted from 1910 until the 1960s, (2) neo-Marxist socioeconomics lasting from 1968 until 1979, and (3) anthropological approach which is still dominant. Reviews theoretical perspectives and research characteristic of each period. (JDH)

Examines the social and human impact of science and technology from a global perspective. Technological advances have entered a dangerously explosive new phase. Social and technological problems are now threatening all human beings. Recent technological developments of worldwide significance are discussed. (AM)

Uses the example of Poland as a case study to show how the development of national identity follows the same laws as individual identity formation. Findings from research on Polish values and attitudes toward their own society and other countries are presented. (AM)

Examines reasons why work-sharing has gained increasing acceptance. Reasons include long-term unemployment, growing labor supply, and decreasing labor demand. The author reviews examples of current work-sharing schemes in Great Britain, Europe, and the United States. Future developments in work-sharing programs are discussed. (AM)

Music reflects and influences the social structures of every culture. Cultural variations in the range of musical expression, the recording industry's impact on the lives of musicians and the diffusion of musical styles, and the roles of the audience are discussed. (AM)

Examines the role played in community life and in work associations by young people born of immigrant parents from North Africa. Maintains that they must be more fully integrated into the mainstream of French social and cultural life. (JDH)

Discusses UNESCO's organizational objectives in encouraging international cooperation to deal with world problems. UNESCO's Medium-Term Plan, established in 1974 for the promotion of human rights, international information exchange and communication, socioeconomic development, and environmental protection, is described. (AM)

The object of empirical musical sociology is to study the social interaction and interdependence of musicians or composers, their music, and the public. Trends in historical and contemporary musical sociology and the constituents of the musical process are examined. (AM)

This article explores the controversy over research and communication frameworks devised by the Research Committee on Innovative Processes in Social Change of the International Sociological Association. Concludes that current and future controversies can contribute to a fruitful discussion among social scientists of innovative processes in social…

Discusses over 100 abstracts on the theme of peace and war since 1945 in the "Peace Research Abstracts Journal." Categories: contributions of physiology, causes of violence, action-reaction spirals, in- and out-groups, revolution, exploitation, causes of peace and war, resolving conflict. Journal available from Unipub, 345 Park Avenue South, New…

The economic, political, and cultural crises in third world countries have profound effects on youth. Maintains that peace is a synonym for democracy in Central America, and that democracy and peace are youth's principal aspirations. (JDH)

Characterizes trends in the development of applied sociology in the Byelorussian S.S.R., which reflects general developments in the USSR as a whole. Applied sociology studies the specific laws of development and functioning of social structures, processes, systems, organizations, and their component parts. It researches specific social groups,…

Surveys past and current youth employment and social participation programs in Sweden. Maintains that while these were effective in giving Sweden one of the lowest youth unemployment rates among market-economy nations, more must be done to ensure meaningful social participation of youth in the community. (JDH)