Examined whether mothers' and fathers' temperaments influence quality of relationships with sons and daughters and whether divergent relationships exist between adolescent temperament and adolescent-parent relationships for boys and girls. Survey results supported link between parent temperament, particularly maternal temperament, and quality of…

Examines mothers' and fathers' speech for similarities and differences as expressed in four categories of messages to their preschool daughters and sons: plans, strategies, symbolic play utterances, and extrasituational references. (MP)

Path analysis of data collected on fifth grade boys indicated that mothers' educational expectations were strongly related to sons' academic performance. Results were related to a model which conceptualized two classes of parental behaviors as determining children's academic achievement: instigating behaviors and responsive behaviors. (Author/DST)

Longitudinal study examined effect of children's gender on tendencies of mothers to use specific antecedents in ascribing causal explanations for their children's sixth grade mathematics performance. Path analyses showed that, for both mothers of boys and mothers of girls, maternal perceptions of child performance were associated with…