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Direct linkMarie Mangold – Foreign Language Annals, 2025
One of the critiques of proficiency as defined by scales, such as that of ACTFL, is its lack of grounding in linguistic realities. Measures of complexity, accuracy, and fluency provide a route in which proficiency can be quantitatively measured by identifying linguistic correlates (see Brown et al., 2017; Long et al., 2012). This project aimed to…
Descriptors: Spanish, Second Language Instruction, Second Language Learning, Language Proficiency
I. Mañas Navarrete; E. Rosado Villegas; S. Mujcinovic; N. Fullana Rivera – Language Acquisition: A Journal of Developmental Linguistics, 2025
The Imperfect/Preterite aspectual contrast is one of the most studied topics in Spanish as a second language research. However, there are few works focused on describing the acquisition of modal uses of the Imperfect by L2 speakers. This paper investigates the L1 Russian L2 Spanish speakers' mastery of politeness, evidential and nonfactual modal…
Descriptors: Grammar, Spanish, Second Language Learning, Advanced Students
