Examines the impact of local governmental structural arrangements (plan of council member election and size of the council) on the representation of blacks and hispanics. Two features of the municipal reform movement, at-large elections and small city councils, appear to adversely affect the equity of the minority groups' representation.…

Describes a study of employment and earnings differences between Spanish origin males and white males. Concludes that both employment discrimination and low productivity have contributed to the inferior economic status of Spanish origin males. Data also suggest that recent efforts to upgrade their status have been unsuccessful. (Author/AV)