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Granrud, Carl E.; And Others – Child Development, 1984
A total of 20 infants either five or seven months of age viewed computer-generated random-lot displays in which accretion and deletion of texture provided the only information for contours. Infants of both age groups showed significant preferences to reach for the apparently nearer regions in the displays. (Author/RH)
Descriptors: Depth Perception, Infants, Spatial Ability, Visual Perception

Acredolo, Linda P.; And Others – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 1984
Investigates the role active, self-produced movement might play in the type of rotation task typically used to assess spatial orientation in children 12 months to 18 months of age. Results indicated that, at least at 12 months, spatial orientation was indeed facilitated by allowing the infants (n = 13) to move through space on their own. (RH)
Descriptors: Infants, Perception, Spatial Ability, Visual Perception
Berg, Derek H. – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2008
The cognitive underpinnings of arithmetic calculation in children are noted to involve working memory; however, cognitive processes related to arithmetic calculation and working memory suggest that this relationship is more complex than stated previously. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the relative contributions of processing…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Computation, Cognitive Processes, Arithmetic

Granrud, Carl E.; And Others – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 1984
Compares monocular depth perception with binocular depth perception in five- to seven-month-old infants. Reaching preferences (dependent measure) observed in the monocular condition indicated sensitivity to monocular depth information. Binocular viewing resulted in a far more consistent tendency to reach for the nearer object. (Author)
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Comparative Analysis, Depth Perception, Infant Behavior

Kaufmann-Hayoz, Ruth; And Others – Child Development, 1986
Examines 3-month-old infants' perception of "camouflaged" forms that were only visible when moving. Shows infants effectively use kinetic information to organize visual input in higher-order structures. (HOD)
Descriptors: Habituation, Infants, Kinesthetic Perception, Motion

Smith, P. Hull – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 1984
Studies the ability of 5-month-old infants to recall temporal information and use temporal organization by training them to fixate a hierarchically structured or unstructured sequence of stimuli which appeared in four spatial positions. Results are interpreted within a temporal organizational framework; infants appear to use organization within…
Descriptors: Eye Fixations, Infants, Perception, Perceptual Development
Kraus, Marcy L. – 1984
The effects of age, task, and egocentric responding on visual-spatial perspective taking were studied among 41 preschool children between 3.0 and 5.9 years of age. Children were individually administered three perspective-taking measures: the upside-down/right-side-up task, a block task, and a picture box task, all previously described in the…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Cognitive Processes, Difficulty Level, Egocentrism
Hanley, Gerard L. – 1985
The specificity of memories has been identified as a factor affecting reality monitoring performance. To examine the reality monitoring model of Johnson and Raye (1981) and to explore the relationship between memory specificity and reality monitoring, the amount of cognitive operations involved in processing information was manipulated for 72…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Cues, Imagination, Memory

Craton, Lincoln G.; Yonas, Albert – Child Development, 1988
A sample of 44 infants of five months of age showed a significant reaching preference for the apparently nearer region of a computer-generated display. This indicated that the infants were sensitive to boundary flow information for depth at an edge. (RH)
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Depth Perception, Infants, Spatial Ability

Rieser, John J.; And Others – American Journal of Mental Deficiency, 1987
The sensitivity of 10 moderately mentally retarded and 10 nonretarded adults to changes in environmental spatial structure with and without visual-environmental clues was examined. Both groups showed similar sensitivity to perspective changes without visual cues, but only the nonretarded demonstrated increased accuracy with the visual cues.…
Descriptors: Adults, Moderate Mental Retardation, Spatial Ability, Travel Training

Pillow, Bradford H.; Flavell, John H. – Child Development, 1986
Four experiments investigated three- and four-year-old children's knowledge of projective size-distance and projective shape-orientation relationships. Results indicated that preschool children's understanding of these relationships seems at least partly cognitive rather than wholly perceptive, providing further evidence for the acquisition of…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Concept Formation, Preschool Children, Spatial Ability

Shimoff, Eliot – Teaching of Psychology, 1998
Outlines a simple classroom demonstration that illustrates Piagetian conservation. Piagetian conservation refers to the illusion of an increase in mass by changing an object's form. This demonstration, done by forming an ellipse with an extension cord, shows that college students are as susceptible to this effect as are young children. (MJP)
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Cognitive Psychology, College Students, Compensation (Concept)

Richardson, Graham – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 1984
Effects of inversion and reversal on children's word recognition performance were examined in relation to age, reading level, and word familiarity to determine whether retarded readers have greater facility with disoriented text than do normal readers. An inverse relationship between number and time ratios was found. (RH)
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Mental Retardation, Preadolescents, Reading Difficulties

Bigelow, A. E. – Journal of Visual Impairment and Blindness, 1992
Comparison of 2 totally blind, 2 visually impaired, and 9 normally sighted children (ages 5-8) on tasks of visual perspective taking found that the totally blind children were older than the other children when they mastered the tasks, made the highest percentage of errors before mastery, and made different errors. (Author/DB)
Descriptors: Blindness, Cognitive Development, Partial Vision, Problem Solving

Shepp, Bryan E.; And Others – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 1987
Investigates multiple trends in perceptual development of kindergarten, second grade, and fifth grade children who performed a speeded card sorting task with spatially integrated versus spatially separated dimensions. Results strongly support the hypothesis that there are developmental differences in perceived structure as well as ability to…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Attention, Classification, Elementary Education