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Block Design Performance in Williams Syndrome: Visuospatial Abilities or Task Approach Skills?
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Block, Elisa; Farran, Emily K.; Van Herwegen, Jo – American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2022
The block design task (BDT) is a visuospatial measure that individuals with Williams syndrome (WS) perform poorly on. However, it is unclear what underlies their impaired performance. This study investigated whether poorer performance is a result of visuospatial difficulties, executive function (EF) difficulties, atypical looking strategies, or a…
Descriptors: Task Analysis, Visual Perception, Spatial Ability, Executive Function
Working Memory Training in Youth with Autism, Fragile X, and Intellectual Disability: A Pilot Study
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Calub, Catrina A.; Benyakorn, Songpoom; Sun, Shuai; Iosif, Ana-Maria; Boyle, Lauren H.; Solomon, Marjorie; Hessl, David; Schweitzer, Julie B. – American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2022
This pilot study sought to identify potential markers of improvement from pre-post treatment in response to computerized working memory (WM) training for youth (ages 8-18) with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and comorbid intellectual disability (ID) in a single arm, pre-post design. Participants included 26 children with ASD and 18 with comorbid…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Training, Youth, Autism Spectrum Disorders
Individuals with 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome Are Impaired at Explicit, but Not Implicit, Discrimination of Local Forms Embedded in Global Structures
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Giersch, Anne; Glaser, Bronwyn; Pasca, Catherine; Chabloz, Mélanie; Debbané, Martin; Eliez, Stephan – American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2014
Individuals with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) are impaired at exploring visual information in space; however, not much is known about visual form discrimination in the syndrome. Thirty-five individuals with 22q11.2DS and 41 controls completed a form discrimination task with global forms made up of local elements. Affected individuals…
Descriptors: Genetic Disorders, Cognitive Ability, Visual Perception, Visual Discrimination
Spatial-Sequential and Spatial-Simultaneous Working Memory in Individuals with Williams Syndrome
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Lanfranchi, Silvia; De Mori, Letizia; Mammarella, Irene C.; Carretti, Barbara; Vianello, Renzo – American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2015
The aim of the present study was to compare visuospatial working memory performance in 18 individuals with Williams syndrome (WS) and 18 typically developing (TD) children matched for nonverbal mental age. Two aspects were considered: task presentation format (i.e., spatial-sequential or spatial-simultaneous), and level of attentional control…
Descriptors: Genetic Disorders, Disabilities, Visual Perception, Spatial Ability
Perceptual Factors Influence Visual Search for Meaningful Symbols in Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities and Down Syndrome or Autism Spectrum Disorders
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Wilkinson, Krista M.; McIlvane, William J. – American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2013
Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) systems often supplement oral communication for individuals with intellectual and communication disabilities. Research with preschoolers without disabilities has demonstrated that two visual--perceptual factors influence speed and/or accuracy of finding a target: the internal color and spatial…
Descriptors: Mental Retardation, Down Syndrome, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders
Computerized Memory Training Leads to Sustained Improvement in Visuospatial Short-Term Memory Skills in Children with Down Syndrome
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Bennett, Stephanie J.; Holmes, Joni; Buckley, Sue – American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2013
This study evaluated the impact of a computerized visuospatial memory training intervention on the memory and behavioral skills of children with Down syndrome. Teaching assistants were trained to support the delivery of a computerized intervention program to individual children over a 10-16 week period in school. Twenty-one children aged 7-12…
Descriptors: Intervention, Control Groups, Down Syndrome, Short Term Memory