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Kristin Bartlett – ProQuest LLC, 2023
At the highest level, this dissertation is a case study on how bias can become encoded into the tools used to measure a construct and into the very definition of the construct itself. In this case, the construct is spatial ability. This dissertation focuses on the validity and accuracy of spatial tests and illuminates gender bias that is…
Descriptors: Spatial Ability, Student Evaluation, Measures (Individuals), Validity
Zhou, Liu; He, Zijiang J.; Ooi, Teng Leng – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2013
Dimly lit targets in the dark are perceived as located about an implicit slanted surface that delineates the visual system's intrinsic bias (Ooi, Wu, & He, 2001). If the intrinsic bias reflects the internal model of visual space--as proposed here--its influence should extend beyond target localization. Our first 2 experiments demonstrated that…
Descriptors: Experimental Psychology, Light, Bias, Visual Perception