This study assessed the relationships between maternal systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) or rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and risk for autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) in offspring. Seven observational studies, including 25,005 ASD cases and 4,543,321 participants, were included for meta-analysis. Pooled results by using random-effects models suggested that maternal RA was associated with an increased risk for ASDs [odds ratio (OR) 1.39, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.16-1.67], while maternal SLE was associated with an increased risk for ASDs only in western population (OR 1.91, 95% CI 1.02-3.57). Further study is warranted to confirm these results.