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Olshtain, Elite; Blum-Kulka, Shoshana – Language Testing, 1985
Describes several elicitation techniques used for speech act data collection and analysis and discusses their suitability in testing a learner's acquisition of the rules of language use. Argues that the development of testing instruments for communicative competence cannot be divorced from the field of cross-cultural pragmatics. (SED)
Descriptors: Communicative Competence (Languages), Cross Cultural Studies, Language Tests, Language Usage

Blum-Kulka, Shoshana; Olshtain, Elite – Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 1986
Data collected from both native and non-native speakers' linguistic performances in five request and seven apology situations revealed a systematic difference in length of utterance in speech acts by non-native speakers as compared to native speakers. Deviation from native norms of utterance length can cause pragmatic failure in several ways.…
Descriptors: Communicative Competence (Languages), Comparative Analysis, Cross Cultural Studies, Cultural Context

Blum-Kulka, Shoshana; Levenston, Edward A. – Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 1987
A study of the interlanguage pragmatics of learners of Hebrew and English (L2s) focuses on pragmatic indicators used in requests and apologies (situations in Appendix). Deviations from native-speaker norms in the speech of non-native speakers are discussed. Results suggest L2s' misuse of pragmatic indicators can have serious interactional…
Descriptors: Cross Cultural Studies, Cultural Differences, Discourse Analysis, English (Second Language)