The author suggests some methods to encourage the language student to improvise his oral answers to class questions. One way is to have the student make up fanciful answers, the other is to use key words in sentences relating to a text. (CK)

The techniques for effective listening can be identified by the acronym PAT, which stands for three sets of techniques--physical, attitude, and thinking. Four kinds of physical techniques promote effective listening: appropriate eye contact and normal blinking rate, facial feedback, appropriate body language, and appropriate verbal feedback. Two…

A guide for helping young children develop positive attitudes about themselves and for expressing themselves well is presented. The philosophy of the school district putting out this instructional manual includes the following tenets: (1) Schools exist primarily for the benefit of the children in their community; (2) Curriculum should provide…

As handicapped children are mainstreamed, regular classroom teachers must become more skilled in identifying and remediating language deficiencies. Available from: Allen Raymond, Inc., P.O. Box 1223, Darien, Connecticut 06820. (GW)

In conjunction with oral instruction in social studies, students were assigned to one of five organizer treatment conditions. Treatment conditions consisted of an advance or a post organizer presented visually or orally. Results indicated that nonwritten cognitive organizers facilitated both the learning and the retention of oral instruction.…

Attempting to present empathy as a vital ingredient of effective interpersonal listening, this paper first provides a brief historical tracing of the major trends in listening theory and research. This review then serves as a backdrop for a partial justification of an empathic listening emphasis that includes a clarification of some misconceptions…

This study tested which, if any, of three listening training methods would make a significant difference in the listening ability of high school students. From 17 public and parochial schools in the greater Kansas City, Missouri, area, 615 students were selected and pre- and post-tested with alternate forms of a "cloze" listening test devised by…

Two main points are stressed in this essay: (1) Reading literature aloud to students is not only educationally sound, but for many youngsters, necessary; and (2) In order to help his students become critical listeners of the literature that is read to them, a teacher must build bridges between the youngsters' experience and that in the literature.…

A study was made of the comparative media effects upon teaching the component learning tasks of concept learning: classification, generalization, and application. The seven selected methods of presenting stimuli to the learners were: motion pictures with spoken verbal; motion pictures, silent; still pictures with spoken verbal; still pictures,…

JUNE 1964 RESEARCH INDICATED THAT EXPOSURE TO TIME-COMPRESSED SPEECH COULD PRODUCE A SUBSTANTIALLY IMPROVED DEGREE OF COMPREHENSION, IN MALE COLLEGE STUDENTS, OF MATERIAL PRESENTED AT SPEEDS RANGING FROM 325 TO 475 WORDS PER MINUTE. AS AN EXTENSION OF ACTIVITIES DESCRIBED IN THE PROGRESS REPORT OF JUNE 1964, THE EXPERIMENT DESCRIBED HERE WAS…

This report summarizes the major features of a 1973 summer conference (at the New York State University at Buffalo) on listening as an essential feature of communication and problems relating to students' listening skills. The conference was held because of an awareness that little attention is being paid to listening comprehension in the…

To test the relative pedagogical value of electronic feedback within the Eastern Michigan University's fundamentals of speech program, the following general hypothesis was established: the greater the completeness and accuracy of student speech performance feedback, the greater the degree of speech skill a student sill later exhibit. Feedback was…

This article outlines procedures for maximizing the benefits that profoundly deaf children can achieve through cochlear implants. The history of such implants and practical aspects in their use are described. Factors in development of speech perception skills, auditory training objectives and activities, and spoken language acquisition are…

This guide describes well-established and practical pedagogical behaviors for a foreign language teacher in an ordinary situation, a classroom with 20-35 pupils who are beginning the study of a foreign language in school or college. The first chapter, "The Five Stages," discusses the stages through which an item (a word, construction, or idiom) in…