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Lalljee, Mansur; Cook, Mark – British Journal of Psychology, 1975
The experiment examines the effects on a number of words that seem irrelevant to semantic communication. The Units of Ritualized Speech (URSs) considered are: 'I mean', 'in fact', 'really', 'sort of', 'well' and 'you know'. (Editor)
Descriptors: Anxiety, Communication (Thought Transfer), Descriptive Linguistics, Psychological Studies
Lallgee, Mansur G.; Cook, Mark – Lang Speech, 1969
Examines the relationship of filled pauses (e.g. er, ah, um) to the speaker's desire to continue speaking when engaged in a dialogue. The data suggest that filled pauses increase as a result of this desire only during monologues. Table and bibliography. (RW)
Descriptors: Anxiety, College Students, Dialogs (Literary), Interaction
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Cook, Mark – Language and Speech, 1971
Examines the occurrence of filled pauses (FP) in the spontaneous speech of 11 speakers, finding that FP's occur (1) less often than expected before nouns, verbs, and adverbs, (2) more often than expected before pronouns, and (3) about as often as expected before adjectives. Tables and references. (VJ)
Descriptors: Adverbs, Determiners (Languages), Form Classes (Languages), Language Research