Demonstrates the basic nature of speaking as related to learning. Argues that speech should be a basic component of instruction at all levels, especially at the presently neglected elementary level. (PD)

Questions the value of teaching grammar to children on theoretical and practical grounds, and proposes an emphasis on teaching usage in varied communication situations. (RN)

The dynamics of speech communication are discussed. The point is made that a growing child learns what aspects of communication situations make demands upon what can be said. There are at least five aspects of situations to which he must pay particular attention in order to learn these things. These are (1) the people present on the scene, (2)…

The approach to the study of black English usage that is based on a theory of linguistic differences between blacks and whites is inadequate, because it ignores the socioeconomic aspects of dialects. It does not resolve the problems that exist in schools for students who use black English regularly. The issue is made more complex since linguistics…